tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12964864703052113442024-03-08T14:49:41.214-08:00Writing philosophy essaysVisual Persuasion Essay Topicsmarilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.comBlogger35125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-11953346333620196922020-08-25T21:31:00.001-07:002020-08-25T21:31:08.222-07:00Federal elections and policy implications in 2012 Research PaperGovernment races and strategy suggestions in 2012 - Research Paper Example There are regularly various sorts of government arrangements in the United States. These strategies are generally partitioned by the topic. The arrangement issues Almanac gives the foundation whereupon data, connects, and chronicled archives to cardinal Americaââ¬â¢s open strategy issues are sorted out and classified (Gleick, Christian-Smith, and Cooley 13). The United States has partitioned its open arrangements into nine classes: â⬠¢ Criminal equity that incorporate capital punishments, sedate approaches, and weapon controls â⬠¢ Cultural and social strategies including premature birth, craftsmanship, and social equality â⬠¢ Economic undertakings approaches that incorporate assessments and spending plans â⬠¢ Education strategies that fuse basic, optional, and advanced education â⬠¢ Environmental strategies that focus on an unnatural weather change and nature of air â⬠¢ Government activity strategies that administer the battle financing changes and the privatization â⬠¢ Health care strategies that incorporate medical coverage and Medicare â⬠¢ Social government assistance strategy that manages standardized savings and government assistance â⬠¢ Foreign issues and national security approaches that oversee spending on the national guard ... Remarkably, during the 2007 races, president Obama guaranteed much on the monetary recuperation. Toward the finish of his first residency, it appears that he didn't convey completely as he had guaranteed and the economy that was influenced by Bush strategies organizations despite everything moved to the more awful. These realities have made the monetary illicit relationship strategy environmentâ quite unpredictable for either party (Coleman 127). Notwithstanding who could have won the 2012 presidential decisions, the monetary undertaking strategy condition despite everything stays warmed. Moreover, the wellbeing strategy was likewise a noteworthy issue in the 2012 presidential crusades. Regardless of the distinctions in conclusions concerning the proper medicinal services approaches to be ordered, eventually Mitt Romney at one point concurred with certain components of the Obamacare (Gleick, Christian-Smith, and Cooley 21). Notwithstanding these understandings in sentiments, the wel lbeing issues strategy condition additionally stayed a warmed crusade all through the battle time frame. Different strategies were seen as one gathering or presidential wannabes appear. For example, president Obama primarily tended to the social and society strategy on same sex marriage. Notwithstanding some critical approaches were not given concentrationâ they merited. For example, the earth strategy is an extreme arrangement that compromises United States as well as the whole globe. The natural strategies are the worries of the residents since from the 2008 political races; it appeared the definite method of giving the modest vitality elective (Gleick, Christian-Smith, and Cooley 54). The 2008 presidential crusade caught the consideration of various Americans since the ââ¬Å"DRILL, infant, drillâ⬠guaranteed Americans modest and dependable vitality that should have been delivered at home rather marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-47319976096605017372020-08-22T05:53:00.001-07:002020-08-22T05:53:29.479-07:00Ateneo Entrance Exam EssayHazel Grace Lancaster (The Fault in Our Stars by John Green) This little line from one of my preferred books helped me start my excursion of self-revelation. Previously, I truly considered myself as somebody very relentlessness. To the world, I'm Just a normal young lady that no one will ever take note. Possibly never will be seen in an exceptional manner, yet I'm resolved to make my imprint. Be that as it may, be a tease things first, I needed to find myself and characterize who I truly am. My first snapshot of self-revelation started, really, when originally built up my affection for books.And that second happened way, path back when I was as yet a little youngster. Nothing made me more joyful than going to National, Power Books or Fully Booked to go see what new storybook, magazine or novel was accessible. Right up 'til today going book shopping, a movement a great many people my age would discover as tortuously exhausting, is a chance to grow my insight and jargon. The main thing I have to enhance right presently Is, as a matter of fact, my book decisions. My Dad continually reminds me to move onto increasingly youthful grown-up distributions and cut back on the kids' books. Books are my tease incredible love.Through them, I can go on awesome undertakings that become practically genuine in my creative mind. I likewise identify with the characters as far as their characters and the things they do In the story. From the hero, opponent and the various characters in the middle of, I can discover somebody or in any event, something I can identify with in a book. My present most loved books are The Fault in Our Stars by John Green, where I have taken in a considerable number arrangement of new words, for example, hamster, thyroidal, prototypical, narcissistic, bacchanalia thus numerous different terms that were once excessively advanced or me to comprehend until I found them In the dictionary.The Fault In our stars is an endearing but additionally unfortunate rom antic tale of two youthful disease stricken youngsters who locate their own little interminability together inside their set number of days. I'd disclose to you all the more however I wouldn't have any desire to ruin the whole novel. Second in my top choices rundown would need to be The Book Thief by Markus Sake. Here, I saw World War II and the detestations of the Holocaust through a little youngster such as myself, who couldn't peruse and compose until she was given to a non-permanent family in Germany. Falsehoods Impinge afterward becomes friends with Max Vandenberg, a Jewish man who covers up in her family storm cellar to get away from the Nazis.Again, I won't ruin this incredible work and you should peruse it yourself. This book truly strikes me as something that can truly make all of us question our humankind. As practically we all know, the Holocaust in World War II was the most shocking slaughter in the whole world. A huge number of men, ladies and kids all executed Just in light of their religion. In the event that you ask me, Doll Hitler more likely than not been both crazy and visually impaired. Did he not realize that in World War l, around 96,000 Jewish troopers battled for Germany? It torments me to imagine that Hitler didn't recall that.The Book Thief is without a doubt one of those war books that will make them question humankind's mankind. With respect to a most loved book arrangement, I would need to express that the How to Train Your Dragon arrangement by British writer Caressed Jewell. I concede, it's a youngsters' books arrangement however I truly appreciate perusing the 1 OFF creative mind. Actually, this dearest arrangement has been transformed into two movies and a TV appear. Be that as it may, I'll reveal to all of you about it later. To be sure, through perusing books of numerous sorts I eave found things about myself I didn't know were there. I found that I have an ability for composing and storytelling.And I have developed to cheris h these two interests, which I trust that I can transform into a Job by turning into an essayist or a Journalist when I grow up. Beside perusing, I have additionally experienced being in scholarly challenges in my school where I have started to characterize myself as a savvy person. One of those challenges is the Essay Writing Contest the school has each year. I never truly win any prizes for my pieces however it's generally such a great amount of enjoyable to contend. Through article composing challenges, my composing capacity is consistently sharpened and continually improved with each exposition I write.So part of my Journey of self-revelation has been practiced through the methods for books and composing. The other part is, truly, what Vive been as of late fixating on. ââ¬Å"Everything we think about you guysâ⬠¦ Is off-base! â⬠â⬠Hiccup Horrendous Haddock Ill (How to Train Your Dragon Movie) That line from a vivified film by Trademarks Animation has consistently be en installed in my memory. The initial segment of this exposition concentrated on my adoration for books and how perusing and composing eave helped me find who I am as far as what I can do in this world. This part will currently concentrate on who I genuinely am as a person.How to Train Your Dragon is a 2010 enlivened movie coordinated by Dean Edibles and Chris Sanders under Trademarks Animation. Its story rotates around a youthful Viking young person named Hiccup (Yeah, I know. The name is entirely bizarre. ) who lives in the anecdotal mythical beast battling island of Beer. In Beer, battling monsters is as fundamental as breathing air to live. Nonetheless, Hiccup is the half-pint of the town and is genuinely incapable to battle mythical serpents and can't vive up to his dad's desires. By chance, his dad, Stoics the Vast, is the clan chief.But when Hiccup makes an innovation that kills a ultra uncommon winged serpent species known as the Night Fury and endeavors to kill it, the you thful Viking at that point gets himself unfit to do as such. This at that point prompts him liberating it and setting up a prohibited kinship with the winged serpent, whom he names Toothless. In Hiccup world, become a close acquaintence with a monster is the most noteworthy demonstration of treachery. But at long last, Hiccup and Toothless' incredibly solid bond empowers them to change the connection between he mythical beasts and Vikings of Beer. Truly, it is an enlivened film. Yet, it isn't carefully for kids only.I had a genuine snapshot of self-revelation and self-definition when I watched this at my closest companion's proposal. Furthermore, I was promptly awestruck by the film on such huge numbers of levels. The detail on the liveliness was amazing, the lighting was great, the music score was Just wonderfully lovely. Be that as it may, what truly contacted my heart was the story. I truly identify with Hiccup. He is left-given, genuinely not in the best of shape, keen and very unique in relation to the remainder of his friends. L, myself, am likewise left-finished, truly frail, intellectually solid andâ⬠¦ Different.I regularly take a gander at my companions and others and I can't resist the urge to in some cases feel that I'm Just excessively unique. I don't care for all the things every other person likes and here and there I don't comprehend current patterns and adhere to the things I know. Like Hiccup, I am unique. And furthermore like Hiccup, I have grasped my distinction. On account of this film (and its TV arrangement and continuation) I have made sense of who I am as an individual. Everybody finds another pattern and they all zone. What's more, when somebody attempts to transform me, I relentlessly decline to do as such. I am a person. Also, I am glad for it.I'm unique in relation to every other person and that is alright. Believe it or not, we're all unique. We're Just frightened to show the world our individualistic. That is the reason I make a decent attempt to remain consistent with myself and ensure no one and nothing transforms me into something I am most certainly not. Be that as it may, I likewise remind myself to keep a receptive outlook and expand my viewpoints. At the point when I experience new things, it encourages me find all the more intriguing qualities that help characterize myself as an individual. What's more, that is actually what Hiccup does. He acknowledges his singularity and attempts to do things no one has ever attempted before.Throughout the film, TV arrangement and spin-off, Hiccup remained consistent with himself and didn't permit anybody to transform him. In the event that you should know, I have as of late observed How to Train Your Dragon 2 and had another extraordinary snapshot of acknowledgment. In the subsequent film, Hiccup is presently a youthful grown-up and is as of now attempting to get himself. This is actually what I'm doing well currently, even as I compose this. I am sorry if thi s article may appear to be erratically developed. I should concede, my composing style tends to confound a few people. In any case, that is basically how I have characterized myself as an individual, through books, composing and argons.And to come clean with you, self-revelation and characterizing yourself as an individual never stops. As the years pass by, you will have more encounters, more minutes that assist you with understanding that there's a whole other world to you than meets the eye. For me, I'm still quite youthful so I despite everything have far to go until I can finish my own definition. In the event that some of you may not completely know me yet, permit me to let you know by and by who I am. I am a person with an adoration for composing, making stories, understanding books, fixated on monsters. Furthermore, essentially, I am unique. Also, I am pleased to appear as something else. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-32875874656244365352020-08-09T16:58:00.001-07:002020-08-09T16:58:04.189-07:00Alcohol Metabolism Could Be Key to Alcohols DangersAlcohol Metabolism Could Be Key to Alcohol's Dangers More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Heavy drinking increases the risk of a variety of negative health consequences from liver disease to cancer. But some people who drink heavily appear to be at a greater risk for developing these problems than others. Researchers believe the difference between those with greater risk and those with lower risk may involve how the body metabolizes, or breaks down and eliminates alcohol, which can vary widely from individual to individual. How Fast Is Alcohol Metabolized? No matter how much alcohol you consume, your body can only metabolize a certain amount every hour. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, it can take a fasting adult male between two to seven hours to return to a zero blood-alcohol content (BAC), or blood alcohol concentration, level after rapidly consuming one to four standard drinks. People who drank only one drink recorded a BAC of 0.00 in just over two hours later. Those who had four drinks during the first hour did not return to a 0.00 blood alcohol concentration (BAC) until seven hours later. The results illustrate the fact that the body can only break down and eliminate so much alcohol per hour. It is important to remember that these times are averages. In reality, the time each individual takes to metabolize alcohol can vary widely. But in all cases, alcohol is metabolized more slowly than it is absorbed. How the Body Metabolizes Alcohol When alcohol is consumed, it is absorbed into the blood from the stomach and intestines. Then enzymes, bodily chemicals that break down other chemicals, begin to metabolize the alcohol. Two liver enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), begin to break apart the alcohol molecule so it can eventually be eliminated from the body. ADH helps convert alcohol to acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is only in the body for a short time because it is rapidly converted to acetate by other enzymes. Although acetaldehyde is present in the body a short period of time, it is highly toxic and a known carcinogen. Most of the alcohol is metabolized by the liver as described above, but small amounts are eliminated from the body by forming fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), compounds that have been found to damage the liver and pancreas. Lastly, a small quantity of alcohol is not metabolized and is instead eliminated in the breath and urine, which is how BAC is measured in breath and urine tests. The Dangers of Acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde can cause significant damage to the liver because that is where most alcohol is broken down into the toxic by-product. That said, some alcohol is instead metabolized in the pancreas and the brain, where acetaldehyde can also damage cells and tissues. Small amounts of alcohol are metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract, which can also be damaged by acetaldehyde. Some researchers believe the effects of acetaldehyde go beyond the damage it can cause to tissues, but might also be responsible for some of the behavioral and physiological effects attributed to alcohol. Is Acetaldehyde Responsible for Impairment? When researchers administered acetaldehyde to laboratory animals it caused incoordination, memory impairment, and sleepiness. Other researchers claim it is not possible for acetaldehyde alone to cause these effects because the brain protects itself from toxic chemicals in the blood with its unique blood-brain barrier. Nevertheless, when the enzymes catalase and CYP2E1 metabolize alcoholâ"which only happens when large amounts are consumedâ"acetaldehyde can be produced in the brain itself. The Genetics Behind Metabolism The size of the liver and body mass of the drinker are factors in how much alcohol a person can metabolize in an hour, but research tells us that the genetic makeup of the individual is probably the most significant factor in how efficiently alcohol is broken down and eliminated. Variations of ADH and ALDH enzymes have been traced to variations in the genes that produce these enzymes. Some people have ADH and ALDH enzymes that work less efficiently than others, while others have enzymes that work more effectively. Simply put, this means some people have enzymes that can break down alcohol to acetaldehyde or acetaldehyde to acetate, more quickly than others. If someone has a fast-acting ADH enzyme or a slow-acting ALDH enzyme, they can have toxic acetaldehyde build up in the body, which can create dangerous or unpleasant effects when they drink alcohol. The Difference Between Women and Men Women absorb and metabolize alcohol differently from men. Research has shown that women may have less ADH enzyme activity in the stomach, allowing a larger percentage of alcohol to reach the blood before being metabolized. This could be one reason women who drink are more susceptible to alcohol liver disease, heart muscle damage, and brain damage than men. Genetics and Alcoholism Genetics can also be a factor in whether or not the person is susceptible to developing alcohol use disorders. For example, there is one variation of these enzymes that causes a build-up of acetaldehyde to the point it causes facial flushing, nausea, and a rapid heart rate. These effects can occur with even moderate alcohol consumption. This gene variant is common in people of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean descent, who may drink less because of the unpleasant side effects. Their gene variant has a protective effect against developing alcoholism. That protective gene, ADH1B*2 is rarely found in people of European and African descent. Another variant, ADH1B*3, is found in 15% to 25% of African Americans and protects against alcoholism. That said, one study found variations of the ALDH enzyme, ALDH1A1*2, and ALDH1A1*3 may be associated with alcoholism in African-American people. Its Not All Genetic According to the National Library of Medicine (NLM), alcohol use disorder does not have a clear pattern of genetic inheritance, but the children of people with alcohol use disorder are still two to six times more likely than the general population to develop problems with alcohol use themselves. This increased risk may, in part, be a result of some shared genetic factors, but experts also believe that shared environmental and social factors likely are at play as well. For example, while the research found that people of Japanese descent who have alcohol addiction who carried the protective ADH1B*2 gene version increased from 2.5% to 13% between 1979 and 1992, alcohol consumption in Japan also increased significantly. Furthermore, in the United States, more Native Americans die of alcohol-related causes than any other ethnic group, but researchers found there is no difference in the enzyme patterns or alcohol metabolism rates of Native Americans and Caucasians, indicating that there are other factors at play in the development of alcohol-related problems. Health Consequences of Alcohol Consumption Heavy or chronic alcohol consumption has been linked to a long list of negative health consequences and long-term adverse effects. Some of these health problems have been directly linked to how alcohol is metabolized in the body and the production of acetaldehyde. Cancer The toxic effects of acetaldehyde have been linked to the development of cancers of the mouth, throat, upper respiratory tract, liver, colon, and breasts. Ironically, the genes that protect some individuals from developing alcoholism may actually increase their vulnerability to developing cancer. Although they are less likely to drink large amounts of alcohol, these people are at greater risk for developing cancer because their bodies produce more acetaldehyde when they do drink. Therefore, even some moderate drinkers are a greater risk of developing cancer. Alcohol-Related Liver Disease Because the liver is the organ that metabolizes most of the alcohol in the body and therefore is where most of the acetaldehyde is produced, it is particularly vulnerable to the effects of alcohol metabolism. More than 90% of heavy drinkers develop fatty liver. Alcohol-Related Pancreatitis Because some alcohol metabolism also takes place in the pancreas, it is exposed to high levels of acetaldehyde and FAEEs. However, less than 10% of heavy drinkers develop alcoholic pancreatitis, indicating that alcohol consumption alone is not the only factor in developing the disease. Other factors may include smoking, diet, drinking patterns and the differences in how alcohol is metabolized may play a role, but none have been definitively linked to pancreatitis. Increased Body Weight Alcohol consumption does not necessarily lead to increased body weight, in spite of its relatively high caloric value. Although moderate alcohol consumption does not lead to weight gain in lean men or women, studies have found that alcohol added to the diets of overweight people does lead to weight gain. Effects on Sex Hormones In men, alcohol metabolism contributes to testicular injury and impairs testosterone synthesis and sperm production. Prolonged testosterone deficiency may contribute to feminization in males, such as breast enlargement. In women, alcohol metabolism may cause increased production of estradiol and decreased estradiol metabolism, resulting in increased levels. Estradiol contributes to increased bone density and a reduced risk of coronary artery disease. Interactions With Medication Alcohol consumption affects the metabolism of many different medications, increasing the activity of some and diminishing the effectiveness of others. Chronic heavy drinking has been found to activate the CYP2E1 enzyme, which can change acetaminophen into a toxic chemical that can cause liver damage even when taken in regular therapeutic doses. Metabolism-Based Treatment of Alcoholism National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism funded research continues to examine how variations in the way the body metabolizes alcohol may influence why some people drink more than others and why some develop serious alcohol-related health problems. Researchers believe how the body breaks down and eliminates alcohol may hold the key to explaining the differences, and continued research may help in developing metabolism-based treatments for people who drink who are at risk for developing alcohol-related health problems. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-16996741889746148972020-05-23T15:20:00.001-07:002020-05-23T15:20:03.552-07:00College Application Mistakes You Should Avoid I met with Jeremy Spencer, former Director of Admissions at Alfred University, and asked him what he sees as the most common blunders made by college applicants. Below are six mistakes he encounters frequently. 1. Missing Deadlines The college admissions process is filled with deadlines, and missing a deadline can mean a rejection letter or lost financial aid. A typical college applicant has dozens of dates to remember: Application deadlines which vary from school to schoolEarly action and early decision deadlines, if applicableInstitutional financial aid deadlinesFederal financial aid deadlinesState financial aid deadlinesScholarship deadlines Realize that some colleges will accept applications after the deadline if they have not yet filled their new class. However, financial aid may be much harder to obtain late in the application process. (Learn more about senior year deadlines.) 2. Applying for Early Decision When Itââ¬â¢s Not the Right Choice Students who apply to a college through Early Decision typically must sign a contract stating that they are applying to just the one college early. Early Decision is a restricted admissions process, so it is not a good choice for students who arenââ¬â¢t really sure that the Early Decision school is their first choice. Some students apply through Early Decision because they think it will improve their chance of admission, but in the process they end up restricting their options. Also, if students violate their contract and apply to more than one college through Early Decision, they run the risk of being removed from the applicant pool for misleading the institution. While this is not the policy at Alfred University, some colleges share their Early Decision applicant lists to make sure students havenââ¬â¢t applied to multiple schools through Early Decision. (Learn about the difference between early decision and early action.) 3. Using the Wrong College Name in an Application Essay Understandably, many college applicants write a single admissions essay and then change the name of the college for different applications. Applicants need to make sure the college name is correct everywhere it appears. The admissions officers will not be impressed if an applicant begins by discussing how much she really wants to go to Alfred University, but the last sentence says, ââ¬Å"R.I.T. is the best choice for me.â⬠Mail merge and global replace canââ¬â¢t be relied on 100% -- applicants need to reread each application carefully, and they should have someone else proofread as well. (Learn more tips for the application essay.) 4. Applying to a College Online Without Telling School Counselors The Common Application and other online options make it easier than ever to apply to colleges. Many students, however, make the mistake of submitting applications online without notifying their high school guidance counselors. Counselors play an important role in the application process, so leaving them out of the loop can lead to several problems: High school transcripts are delayed or never get mailedLetters of recommendation from teachers are delayed or never get sentThe college admissions decision process becomes inefficient and delayedApplications end up being incomplete because the counselor canââ¬â¢t follow up with the colleges 5. Waiting too Long to Ask for Letters of Recommendation Applicants who wait until the last minute to ask for letters of recommendation run the risk that the letters will be late, or they will not be thorough and thoughtful. To get good letters of recommendation, applicants should identify teachers early, talk with them, and give them as much information as possible about each program to which they are applying. This allows teachers to craft letters that match an applicantââ¬â¢s particular strengths with specific college programs. Letters written at the last minute rarely contain this type of useful specificity. (Learn more about getting good letters of recommendation.) 6. Failing to Limit Parentsââ¬â¢ Involvement Students need to self-advocate during the admissions process. The college is admitting the student, not the studentââ¬â¢s mom or dad. Itââ¬â¢s the student who needs to build a relationship with the college, not the parents. Helicopter parents--those who constantly hover--end up doing a disservice to their children. Students need to manage their own affairs once they get to college, so the admissions staff wants to see evidence of this self-sufficiency during the application process. While parents should certainly be involved in the college admissions process, the student needs to make the connections with the school and complete the application. Jeremy Spencerââ¬â¢s Bio: Jeremy Spencer served as the Director of Admissions at Alfred University from 2005 to 2010. Prior to AU, Jeremy served as the Director of Admissions at Saint Josephââ¬â¢s College (IN) and various admissions level positions at Lycoming College (PA) and Miami University (OH). At Alfred, Jeremy was responsible for both the undergraduate and graduate admissions process and supervised 14 professional admissions staff. Jeremy earned his BA degree (Biology and Psychology) at Lycoming College and his MS degree (College Student Personnel) at Miami University. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-70902161034485247752020-05-12T11:55:00.001-07:002020-05-12T11:55:02.967-07:00Humorous Wedding Speech - Some Advice for the Bridegroom... Humorous Wedding Speech - Some Advice for the Bridegroom (Groom) Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen - If you didnt know already, my name is Alberto and Im in the wedding party. That is the reason I?m dressed like this. What have I done to be blessed with such an honour? Who?s dropped out at the last minute? Had William?s other friends left the country? Could I turn the job down and still get an invite to eat and drink at William?s expense? I didn?t want to risk it, so lets get on with it. Sherry, you make a fine bride and looked absolutely stunning in the church this morning. William, you looked ? well ? a bit like me, but perhaps a touch thinner. But I think youd all agree that it was a wonderful service. Mind you, thoseâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦And unlike when we lived together, you?re going to have to transfer food onto dishes instead of eating your dinner straight out of the saucepan ? and wash up after meals instead of putting all the things in together at the end of the week? when you take your bath. This is good advice William and its in your best interest. Apparently, there has never been one recorded case in history where a wife has shot her husband while he was doing the washing up. If truth be told, William, in order to achieve a state of affairs as blissful as possible I?d advise you to mend all your bachelor ways. Accustomed as you are to having only yourself to answer to in your flat, your will now have to adjust to a new regime - which will not tolerate laziness! There?s no denying it, William, you?re bone idle, which is why Sherry had no idea you were planning to propose. When you said you had something to ask her, she thought it would be whether she should put a call into Dominos. If Sherry wants you to do something, my advice is, don?t argue with her. You might win, and then you?d really be in trouble. But however bad the situation gets, there are some magic words William can say to Sherry that are guaranteed to make everything all right again - and this final piece of advice was given to me by the bride?s father - here they are William, repeat after me: ?The bathroom is yours and yours alone!? Sherry, I dont feel I can stand up hereShow MoreRelatedEssay about Humorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom571 Words à |à 3 PagesHumorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen - I must admit, I am more nervous about participating in this wedding than I was as the groom (bridegroom) at my own wedding. Maybe its because I have been married thirty years and I know what my son is getting himself in to! Joking aside, Ive had a wonderful marriage and I would like to remind David and Arba that its a serious business, and shouldnt be entered into lightly - although, at his weight marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-76059667767999098072020-05-06T12:20:00.001-07:002020-05-06T12:20:41.534-07:00Norm Violation Essay Free Essays Brenda Mora 4 October 2011 SOC 101-3003 Norm Violation Exercise The norm violation exercise that I decided to experiment with was invasion of space. My plan was to go up to random people in small groups of three or four and ask one of them for help, thank them, hug them, and walk away; my friend thought it sounded like fun so he volunteered to perform the encounters. If somebody I didnââ¬â¢t know came up and hugged me for no apparent reason I would most likely think they were either weird or drunk. We will write a custom essay sample on Norm Violation Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now For this reason I decided to do this particular experiment. Most of the people my friend hugged did not react in the way I predicted. I decided to carry out the experiment at the Wal-Mart on Charleston and Decatur since itââ¬â¢s close to where we both live and it is never scarce in people. We enacted the experiment in different sections of the store since there were more dense amounts of people in certain areas. The areas where we performed the experiment were in the electronics department, the home decorations department, the food section, and the cash register section. The electronics department had plenty of people, males in particular, I was especially eager to see the feedback of the men in this section since my friend is a guy. The home decorations department had plenty of females; the food and cash register sections had a mixture of both genders. The first person we approached was a male Wal-Mart sales associate arranging phone displays in the electronics department. We both went up to him and my friend asked him where the exercising equipment was located, he responded and pointed us in the direction, as I walked my friend thanked him and gave him a big bear hug. The sales associate let my friend hug him, patted his back, laughed, and starred at us in an awkward manner as we left. He didnââ¬â¢t have much reaction to my friend hugging him. It didnââ¬â¢t seem to have bothered him, as soon as we left he simply returned to his work. The second encounter involved a man with his wife and son and what seemed to be one of their friends or relative which also occurred in the electronics department. My friend went up to them as I stood behind a magazine rack and he asked the womanââ¬â¢s husband if he could point him in the direction of the clothing department. The man gave my friend directions and just as he was returning to the conversation between his friend and wife, my friend quickly put his arms around the slightly large man and embraced him for about three seconds before he let go, thanked him, and walked away. As my friend walked away I noticed the man simply and quickly returned to his conversation as if nothing had happened. His wife and friend starred at my friend as he walked away and laughed as if they still couldnââ¬â¢t believe what had just happened. The third and fourth group of people that we encountered took place in the home decorations section of the store. Both groups were all women; one group consisted of two women and the other group of three young women. The first group of two women seemed to have been a mother and a middle aged daughter, my friend approached the women and asked for their opinion on an item, the daughter answered him but before she could go back to her business he hugged her, I noticed a frightened expression on her face and my friend told me he noticed she held on to her motherââ¬â¢s arm as he hugged her. The second group of women were also asked for their opinion on a Halloween decoration, the girl told my friend what she thought and before she could get back to her business he hugged her. One of the two girls with her asked her if she knew him and the other girl laughed and starred at my friend, the girl herself couldnt believed it and she even blushed a bit. The fifth and sixth encounter took place in the food and cash register section with a distinct group of people; the first was a family of three consisting of a husband, wife and child and the second of two female Wal-Mart sales associates surrounded by people in line waiting to pay for their groceries. The family of three were choosing their food when my friend approached the husband and asked him if he could reach something from the top shelf for him since he was exceedingly tall, the man gladly agreed and my friend thanked him and quickly hugged him. The wife laughed while the child took no notice and as my friend walked away the man stopped him and said ââ¬Å"Your welcome, manâ⬠, this was the first time anybody had responded to his action. The second group of females at the cash register were helping customers when my friend approached them and asked for help, one of them gave him directions and began about her business when he hugged her, she laughed and went back to what she was doing. However, her co-worker did not approve and gave my friend a cold stare as he walked away, the people waiting in line laughed for three seconds, gave a few stares, and went back to their business. The last group of people were two males, an older and younger brother who were testing out video games in the electronics section. My friend walked up, stood next to them and asked for their opinion on a video game, the older boy answered my friend and as soon as he finished my friend hugged him and quickly walked away. As he walked away I observed the younger boys face which expressed how much he couldnââ¬â¢t believe it, the older boy didnââ¬â¢t laugh at first but then he came around, shook his head, laughed and walked away. My friend said that as he hugged the boy he went stiff and said ââ¬Å"whoaâ⬠, as if he tried to tell him to back off, but no words could come out. This boys reaction was my favorite because the expression on his face said let me go but at the same time he seemed scared as if my friend would hurt him if he said anything. This experiment was interesting because of all of the different reactions that I saw. I did not expect for most of the reactions to result in the same way. I hoped for somebody to speak up and ask what my friendââ¬â¢s problem was but nobody seemed to care much. The only reactions that truly caught my attention were the three females where one of them blushed and the group with the older and younger brother where the older brother tried to speak up but couldnââ¬â¢t. Besides a few cold stares, there were no severe consequences. How to cite Norm Violation Essay, Essay examples marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-6481738760543979562020-05-02T09:41:00.001-07:002020-05-02T09:41:02.848-07:00The Struggles of Odysseus free essay sample Odysseusââ¬â¢s Struggles Odysseus faces many conflicts in The Odyssey. He faces both internal and external conflicts. He has many different decisions to make, such as to face Scylla or Charybdis with is crew. In my opinion, the three most important conflicts are when Odysseusââ¬â¢s men refuse to listen when he tells them not to eat the cattle, the fact that he was pulled away from his wife, Penelope, and their newborn son, and when Odysseus faces the Cyclopes. One thing that I learned while reading this story as that Odysseusââ¬â¢s men are stubborn. They refuse to listen to him. They ate Heliosââ¬â¢s (the sun god) cattle. This had some negative reactions from the rest of the gods. The main part of the aftermath was when Zeus destroyed Odysseusââ¬â¢s ship, and killed his men. Afterwards, Odysseus struggled to get back home to Ithaca, into the loving arms of his wife and (now older) son. We will write a custom essay sample on The Struggles of Odysseus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another main conflict was when Odysseus was longing the comfort of his wifeââ¬â¢s arms and wanting to actually spend time with his son. Odysseus loved his wife. He had two instances where goddesses wanted to keep him to their selves, but he still desired his dear Penelope. Penelope gave birth to Odysseusââ¬â¢s son the day Odysseus had to leave to fight in the Trojan War. Odysseus was gone for about 10 years, and he had only seen his son when he was first born. He would have liked to see how his son had grown up, but he hadnââ¬â¢t been able to, until he finally returned home, after 10 years. Odysseus was bold in trying to search the Cyclopesââ¬â¢ cave. He wanted to wait for the Cyclops to return to see what the Cyclops would offer him. When the Cyclops returned, however, it trapped Odysseus and his men in the cave, and snacked on a few. Odysseus believed that guests should be treated with the utmost respect, but the Cyclopes didnââ¬â¢t feel that way toward guests. The Cyclopes didnââ¬â¢t believe in any customs, or laws for that matter. I feel that Odysseus has had many struggles in his adventures, and that he deserved to finally find his way back to his family. Odysseus has had many conflicts in The Odyssey, but just a few of them were more important, to me, than the others. The three most important ones are when Odysseusââ¬â¢s men didnââ¬â¢t listen and decided to eat the sun godââ¬â¢s cattle, his great longing for his wife and son, and his encounter with the Cyclops. I believe that Odysseus learned a valuable lesson in this story, and that is, not to take anything for granted. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-24219672895748305052020-03-23T00:44:00.001-07:002020-03-23T00:44:01.914-07:00Belong by The Pains of Being Pure at Heart free essay sample After falling in love with this band after hearing their self titled album early last year, I was very excited to hear more from The Pains of Being Pure at Heart since they had only released a 4 song EP since that first full length. Upon first hearing the band, I was immediately intrigued by their noisy, lo-fi, and obviously 80s post-punk inspired sound. With their soft, warm guitar playing and catchy love songs straight out of the diary of a 17 year old hopeless romantic protagonist from a Brat Pack film, this NYC band has proven to become one of my favorites. ââ¬Å"Belongâ⬠, the bandââ¬â¢s second LP, is seemingly less accessible than their self-titled album, and especially their ââ¬Å"High Than The Starsâ⬠EP upon first listen. But as you let the record grow on you, and listen to songs like ââ¬Å"Even In Dreamsâ⬠, and ââ¬Å"My Terrible Friendâ⬠, you see that this record becomes extremely catchy, and much easier to accept as an overall outstanding album. We will write a custom essay sample on Belong by The Pains of Being Pure at Heart or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This album starts out absolutely fantastic, but unfortunately loses my attention for a few tracks. I feel like this record comes back around with the the track ââ¬Å"Anne With An Eâ⬠. Despite my moderate boredom with the first few tracks, the proceeding 6 tracks are what makes this album an honest keepsake. Definitely in my top 5 records of the year. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-64077433106338796532020-03-06T01:13:00.001-08:002020-03-06T01:13:02.817-08:00Microbiology Described.Microbiology Described. They're out there! You can't see them but they can see you. Right at this very moment they are living on and in your body, and there is nothing you can do about it!This may sound like the beginning of a horror movie, but it isn't. It is actually a very basic description of a very broad subject: microbiology.Microbiology is a complex subject that spans out into a variety of areas. I am a person who is entering the health care field, and it is inparitive that I know the subject of microbiology and how if effects the world in which we live.Part one of this essay will deal with defining bacteria, viruses, fungi, microbes, and pirons. Part two of the essay will focus on indigenous micro flora that is on and in the body, and part three will describe the structure and replication procedure of viruses.None - This image is in the public domain and thus...Part oneAs stated by Prescott, Harley and Klein (1990) microbiology is the study of organisms that are usually too small to be seen with the naked eye.According to Jenson and Wright (1989) a pathogen is a disease-producing organism.They also describe microbes as organisms that are often too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope. Microbes, also known as microorganisms, can be broken down into four classifications that are bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.Prescott, Harley Klein (1990) describe bacteria as prokaryotic cells (cells that lack a true membrane enclosed nucleus). Bacteria are both small and simple in structure; they usually are between o.5 and 5cmm yet they have many characteristic shapes and sizes. Some bacteria are circular or oval shaped, they are known as cocci bacteria. Other bacteria are rod-shaped, they are known as bacilli bacteria, and some bacteria are spiral and coil-shaped... marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-85213133821084681762020-02-18T16:38:00.001-08:002020-02-18T16:38:03.871-08:00Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2Speech - Essay Example as always had a problem of young and lustful politicians suddenly rising to power and then abusing it, so requiring new senators to gain some experience before they enter the senate will slow down but not totally destroy their ambitions. In addition to this, Sulla also required that a two-year stand-down was required for elected officials before entering a higher office. Politicians need to have restrictions in place so that they do not abuse their power. Ensuring these reforms are kept makes sure that politicians have checks and balances that they cannot go past. Secondly, assigning different types of cases to a specialized court allows the judge to rule fairly. Also, the senate would be required to sit in on all cases; this would ensure some form of impartiality within the court system. If the legal system is abused, then it could lead to all kinds of chaos. I plead with all you senators that you take my advice into consideration and not get rid of every reform that Sulla marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-46679925412114578272020-02-03T22:38:00.001-08:002020-02-03T22:38:03.411-08:00Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6Summary - Essay Example The differences identified by the authors through a review of available literature are based on major qualities like independence, risk-taking ability, tolerance of ambiguity, self-efficacy, innovativeness, market orientation and leadership qualities. The study methodology is, therefore, aligned to these characteristics through administration of ability questionnaires to sampled hospitality operators in the Netherlands. The main argument and conclusion is that entrepreneurs are high in the mentioned qualities and therefore there is need to classify business owners based on the activities they carry out as well as their goals. Anderson and Hughes (2010) conducted a study entitled ââ¬Å"the business of caring: womenââ¬â¢s self-employment and the marketization of careâ⬠. The study by the two is conducted in view of increased commercialization of care giving services by women since the authors have pointed out that there is a research gap on self employed paid care workers. The main aim of the study is to explore how womenââ¬â¢s paid care giving is shaped by their employment status; whether self employed or an employee and the nature of care provided (direct/indirect). The study analyses qualitative interviews carried out in the summer of 2004 with 20 self-employed women in western Canada. SPSS has been used as the main analytical tool. The findings are then compared with existing data on employed caregivers. The study finds that self-employed caregivers are more dedicated in their work. Employment status and nature of care have been concluded to shape experiences of care workers. The third study in is on ââ¬Å"Doing Gender, Doing Entrepreneurship: An Ethnographic Account of Intertwined Practicesâ⬠. Bruni, Gheradi and Poggio (2004), contend that there is a connection between entrepreneurship and culture apart from it being an economic activity. The study picks onto gender as a result of the increased institutionalization of value and symbols that can be related to this social component in the operation of enterprises. The study relies on two selected ethnographic observations conducted in small enterprises in Italy. The methodology therefore involves a study of historical data on the issue of exceptional figures, which has a connection to gender roles in enterprises more specific to feminine gender. The two companies are Welder and Atlantis. Five processes are used in the analysis of these roles. They include managing dual presence, doing ceremonial and remedial chores, boundary keeping, footing and gender commodification. The study confirms that there is a relationship between entrepreneurship and masculinity. As such, it concludes that performing entrepreneurship involves gender positioning. Hjorth (2004) brings another perspective in the importance of entrepreneurship through his study: ââ¬Å"Creating Space for Play/Invention Concepts of Space and Organizational Entrepreneurshipâ⬠. The study examines the role of ent repreneurship in the various functions of management in organizations. This is based on the observation that management should be able to integrate innovation process of entrepreneurs into the organizationââ¬â¢s main strategy. The purpose of this study is therefore is to bring into focus the nature of the relationship between management and entrepreneurship. This focus is analyzed in the context of creating space for innovation and marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-74673401070384595702020-01-26T19:02:00.001-08:002020-01-26T19:02:04.101-08:00Impact Of The Belief System On Perception Of Mental Illness Philosophy EssayImpact Of The Belief System On Perception Of Mental Illness Philosophy Essay The present study aims to assess the impact of belief system on perception of mental illness. Belief system is major principle from which one live ones daily life, those which govern ones thoughts, words, and actions. Without these principles one could not function. Belief system essentially makes up who we are. Our belief system is made up of a set of core values, which we tend to base everything we do, say, or believe in. This study would be helpful in identifying the impact of belief system on perception of mental illness and preferred mode of treatment. A belief is not merely an idea the mind possesses; it is an idea that possesses the mind. A belief is a thought we hold and deeply trust about something. Beliefs tend to be buried deep within the subconscious with the result that they trigger automatic reactions and behaviors. We seldom question beliefs; we hold them to be truths. Belief loosely, whatever an individual is willing to accept without direct verification by experience or without the support of evidence, and take as a basis for action or non-action. META HISTORY.ORG. (Beyond the tyranny of beliefs) The nature of belief systems.People have different beliefs about different perspectives of life. It affects our life and how we move in the world. What we do and dont believe dictates how we set up our life, our moods and everything we experience. Belief systems are fundamental to human existence and there are a few ideas worth exploring to see if anything can be determined about their origins. Without getting into brain physiology or psychology, there are a few conclusions we can draw from general observation. The brain is our information processing center, so it is capable of accepting data input and analyzing it. However, lets break the functions down a little more precisely. Data coming in is always examined; however most of it never reaches the conscious portion of our thought processes, so there is a background process which acts as a filter on the data being entered. Should something unusual occur, our conscious mind is alerted to the discrepancy and we can now consciously analyze what is taking place. There are also other processes which must occur for this to work properly, in that the brain must be capable of retrieving pertinent information when it is needed, so there is clearly an organizing capability in the brain that allows data relationships to be established. While this may describe brain operation at a high level, theres a basic problem that needs to be addressed; how do we know what information is relevant or useful? There is no doubt that much of the information processed is simply background noise in that it represents events that we have grown accustomed to since birth, so we dont pay any particular attention to them. So when we encountered something new or different we need to have a quick mechanism to be able to classify the data without protracted analysis. After all, whatever we have encountered could threaten our survival, so while we could contemplate it during a more leisurely interval, we must be capable of immediately assessing where it fits among our existing pool of data. Such a scenario requires that, in addition to basic organization, the brain utilizes some form of a framework or worldview against which data is evaluated and collected. This worldview or belief system w ould consist of data drawn from experience that represents our subjective sense of the world around us. It doesnt necessarily have to be factually correct, but it does need to be operational.As an example, if ghosts are not a part of the belief system, then unusual happenings or noises, dont immediately elicit a response of supernatural origins. Instead, we would look for the cause of the event among our experiential knowledge. Similarly all the data we encounter must fit into our belief system. (Gerhard Adam, 2009). A belief is whatever an individual is willing to accept without direct verification by experience or without the support of evidence, resulting in assumption which is taken as a basis for action or non-action. Societies, cultures, religions and individuals contribute to the diversity of our world. Each persons beliefs, values and attitudes create ones own unique belief system, each exclusive belief system being valid for the individual. These basic components, manipulated by inward and outward events are the essence of that which drives influences and motivates human thinking that leads to behavior (Walsch, 2003). Negative behaviors and interactions in work environments often stem from human beings diverse belief systems. In an effort to understand each others belief systems, it is important to first understand ones own belief system. Understanding is vital for building a respectful civilization. (Connie M. Ross, 2004) Belief is the psychological state in which an individual holds a proposition or premise to be true. Belief system is the actual set of precept from which one live ones daily life, those which govern ones thoughts, words, and actions. Without these precepts one could not function. Belief system essentially makes up who we are. Our belief system is made up of a set of core values, which we tend to base everything we do, say, or believe in. These beliefs are regarding too many things like beliefs about food, health, illness etc. (John Stuart Mill, 1863) A mental disorder or mental illness is a psychological or behavioral pattern associated with distress or disability that occurs in an individual and is not a part of normal development or culture. The recognition and understanding of mental health conditions has changed over time and across cultures, and there are still variations in the definition, assessment, and classification of mental disorders, although standard guideline criteria are widely accepted. (Davies, T. 1997) Mental disorders can arise from a combination of sources. In many cases there is no single accepted or consistent cause currently established. A common belief even to this day is that disorders result from genetic vulnerabilities exposed by environmental stressors. (Diathesis-stress model). However, it is clear enough from a simple statistical analysis across the whole spectrum of mental health disorders at least in western cultures that there is a strong relationship between the various forms of severe and complex mental disorder in adulthood and the abuse (physical, sexual or emotional) or neglect of children during the developmental years. Child sexual abuse alone plays a significant role in the causation of a significant percentage of all mental disorders in adult females, most notable examples being eating disorders and borderline personality disorder. (Mental disorder in Encyclopedia) Treatment and support for mental disorders is provided in psychiatric hospitals, clinics or any of a diverse range of community mental health services. In many countries services are increasingly based on a recovery model that is meant to support each individuals independence, choice and personal journey to regain a meaningful life, although individuals may be treated against their will in a minority of cases. There are a range of different types of treatment and what is most suitable depends on the disorder and on the individual. Many things have been found to help at least some people, and a placebo effect may play a role in any intervention or medication. (Phillip W. Long, M.D. 1995-2009) The first theory is that mental illness is caused by malignant and nefarious supernatural entities. The main symptom of this illness is possession in varied degrees. The main adherents of this theory are in tribal a peasant societies, however one comes across these ideas not only in small towns but in metropolises also. This would explain the popularity of healing centers that deal with spirit possession in several parts of India. One of the extremely well known centers of this type is a temple of the monkey-go (Hanuman), known as the Bala-ji temple, in the district of Sawai Madhopur in Rajasthan, which is visited by people of all shades of life (Kakar, 1982). Recently, after the Erwadi incident, in the state of Tamil Nadu, in which twenty-seven mentally ill patients who were chained to poles and trees died in an accidental fire, we have learnt of a number of religious shrines in India reputed to render cure to mentally sick people (see Wadhwa, 2001). At one end of the continuum lies the supernatural theory of mental illness, at the other is the bio-chemical theory. This continuum overlaps that of the societies; at one end are the tribal and peasant societies, at the other the complex, industrial and post-industrial societies. It also indicates that as societies change from simple to complex, the theory of causation mental illness also changes from the supernatural to the bio-chemical. Some grain of truth certain lies in this proposition, for it is highly unlikely that tribal an peasant societies would subscribe to the bio-chemical theory of mental illness. In these societies it is not only mental illness but also physical illness, which is understood as being caused by supernatural factors. Moreover, it has also been observed that many tribal and peasant societies do not maintain a distinction between physical and mental illness (Becker and Kleinman, 1999). An important observation here is that urban Indians including those belonging to highly educated, upper classes often attribute mental illness to supernatural causes. These theories of disease causation have implications for the treatment of mental illness. Those believing in supernatural causation will approach the spiritual healers. If mental illness is viewed as consequence of shock, the belief is that in course of time the person will recover from it, therefore counseling will constitute the main treatment. When bio-chemical deviations in the brain are seen as causing mental illness, the people are likely to approach psychiatrists for treatment and counseling. It is also likely they may combine both supernatural and biochemical treatments, assuming the absence of any contradiction between them. An important part of mental health is how you perceive the world around you. Your sense organs receive signals and pass them through the nervous system to the brain, which processes the information. The mind then interprets that information. There are some built in filters, which help the process. For example, you can sometimes filter out background noise, so that you can concentrate on what you are doing without distraction. Attitudes and emotions can affect the perception process. You may read the implications of what another person says and his body language differently, depending on if you like the person or not. (Ron Kurtus 29 August 2004) Our belief system is the actual set of precepts from which we live our daily life, those which govern our thoughts, words, and actions. Without these precepts we could not function, so in order to take this journey, and to give it some meaning. à Belief systems involve stories, or myths, whose interpretation can give people insight into how they should feel, think, and/or behave. The elaborate polytheistic mythologies of the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations are a good example of how belief systems can affect the daily life of a societys members and the role they can play in giving significance to peoples actions. The most prominent systems of beliefs tend to be those associated with formal religions; however, any system of belief in which the interpretation of stories affects peoples behavior, a system of superstitions, for example can be a living, contributing component of a given societys culture. Values and beliefs as components of culture. Our concern here is with belief systems, which we might equally call religions, ideologies, philosophies, worldviews, or ways of life. Belief system always has an ideology or philosophy, a collection of ideas, a framework for organizing thoughts. One important function of a belief system is to serve as a framework for thought and action. It explains where the world comes from and where its going; what our purpose in it is; how society should be organized; how people should treat each other; when youre messing up and what to do about it. All this is very comforting, and allows believers to focus their energies. (Mark Rosenfelder, 1998) Our Belief System can be one of our most powerful assets or our worst enemy. Our belief system essentially makes up who we are. Our belief system is made up of a set of core values, which we tend to base everything we do, say, or believe in. (Peacefulmind.com 2007-2012). There are different beliefs prevails about the causes of disorders and according to beliefs, people adopts different treatments to cure themselves from these disease.They have beliefs that there are supernatural power factors, social factors, personal factors and also biological factors which, contribute to psychological problems and different people have their specific beliefs about healing such as spiritual healing, psychological treatment, medical treatment and sometimes these methods are used in combination of two like medical and spiritual and psychological and spiritual as well. The term supernatural or supranatural (Latin: super, supra above + natura nature) pertains to being above beyond or what is natural, unexplainable by natural law or phenomena. (Joseph Jastrow, Houghton Mifflin Co., 1918 Study of Beliefs and Attitudes) There are different categories of supernatural powers, such as Taweez (amulets),Witchcraft, Jinn possession, magic or spirit possession, Evil Eye, Divine punishment and Gods Will. People have beliefs that these supernatural powers can cause physical as well as psychological diseases. People believe that these powers can cause different bodily as well as psychological diseases. They have beliefs about causes of mental illness which include personal causes and social causes of mental illness such as; addiction, lack of will power, financial distress and stressful circumstances etc.The people also believe that biological factors also can cause a psychological illness.these biological factors include;hereditary,contact with mentally ill, child birth and chemical imbalances. And according to their belief about the causes of illness they adopt the type of treatment which they believe. The types of treatment for mental illness in Pakistan are different as most of the people dont have awaren ess about these illnesses. Most preferred treatment option is spiritual healing, then doctor (general physician and less adopted treatment is consulting to psychologists/psychiatrists. Spiritual healing is a phenomenon in which a disease is cured without prescribing any medicine by performing some religious rituals. A healer may act as an intermediary. In all the other types of healing methods such as Allopathic, homeopathic, desi and unani, some medicines are prescribed to take, by which the disease is cured but in this method of spiritual healing, the healer uses only his spiritual powers and some particular to cure any disease. It also involves in dealing with the psychological problems of the people i.e. some psychological diseases treated by it and some people psychologically feel satisfied visiting any spiritual healer. In this system of healing, the cure is related to spiritual healer where divine powers moves in the hands of the healer which he gains through complex act of meditation. All cultures have unique ways to identify, understand and deal with symptoms of what mainstream society calls mental illness, as well as different reference points for describing atypical behaviors. Different diagnostic schema or terminologies may exist, and causes may be attributed to folk beliefs rather than psychological or biologic causes. Often the preferred means of dealing with these symptoms is through native healers, religious rites, or holistic and alternative medicine. Many have traditionally resolved problems within the family, and focus more on external environmental circumstances that affect the individual rather than intrinsic processes (Lim, 2006). In a report surveying gains in mental health, the U.S. Surgeon General found, Even more than other areas of health and medicine, the mental health field is plagued by disparities in the availability of and access to its services, and multi-cultural ethnic groups bear the heaviest burden of unmet mental health needs and reduced productivity (Surgeon Generals Report on Mental Health 1999; 2001). The actual seeking of professional mental health treatment may be delayed until problems have become especially intense and beyond the supports their cultural communities can provide. As a result, cultural groups are underserved in outpatient community based programs. If accepted for outpatient treatment, fewer services or treatment sessions are utilized and treatment often terminates early with feelings of alienation. Few studies have documented successful outcomes of mental health treatment among multi-cultural populations, even when ethnic and language matching have been tried (Snowden, undated). Delays in seeking treatment and premature terminations create a cyclical reliance on increasingly more costly crisis services. (Munoz, Sanchez, SAMHSA-WICHE, undated). Private sector programs typically are inaccessible to members of minority cultural groups (SAMHSA, 1996). Contributory factors for the under-utilization of the mental health system are socio-economic, familial, financial, geographic inaccessibility and problems related to immigration status. These have been attributed to access barriers created by financial deterrents to seeking care, program locations and service hours, and treatment problems related to misdiagnosis (USDHHS, SAMHSA, 1997). Language barriers (especially during assessment and treatment), cultural misunderstandings, prejudice, and difficulties with acculturation to American society also play a role (Corrigan P et. al, 2008). In care, communication difficulties may lead to inappropriate treatment (Sue et al., 1991); HYPERLINK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3760850Lopez HYPERLINK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3760850HYPERLINK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3760850 Hernandez, 1986), ineffective case management and inadequate referrals (New York State Office of Mental Health (NYSOMH), 1997).à Such alienation may lead to premature drop-out from treatment (Snowden, 1996, 2001; Proctor HYPERLINK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8209290HYPERLINK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8209290 Davis, 1994). Other deterrents include lack of knowledge about available services, distance from service center, limited hours of operation, and lack of child-care. Belief drives behavior, but often belief is not based on experience and so does not reach or reflect the intimately lived dimension of human existence Some things are proposed to have certain properties which may beà logically inconsistent, and hence these things can be proved not to exist. Dr. Niclas Berggren from A Note on the Concept of Belief. To start our journey in life, we create a set of beliefs, which define us. As part of our healing process, we take our beliefs as our ultimate truth and often do not sway from them. Sometimes, it is necessary to reinvent our belief system and redefine our values so that we can see clearer and be able to achieve the fulfilling life that we desire. (Peacefulmind.com 2007-2012) Mind medicine imparts the healing power on the entire body. This can be seen repeatedly in many forms of Eastern medicine. The psychological root-cause of each persons belief system, which becomes the texture of how we live our lives, can be expressed in the subtle energies of the body as well as in the expression of disease. (Peacefulmind.com 2007-2012). Healers and religious men in the succeeding generation further attempted to organize. Contemporary thoughts about mental illness and to develop appropriate diagnostic categorizes while some men perceived disordered behavior as sickness of the soul. Others brought early beginning of scientific thinking to the effort to understand the mystery of human abnormality. Unfortunately, the progressive gains of the Greeks and Romans Empire. The dark brought revival of demonology, intricate theological explanations and magical forms of exorcism. No matter what form of therapy we use, be it spiritual, psychological, medicinal, we are only capable in balancing our lives as we are by the beliefs we hold in our heart. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-48078735981071506732020-01-18T15:26:00.001-08:002020-01-18T15:26:03.585-08:00Changing Role of the Artist from Different TimesArt is contemporarily defined as the product or process of deliberately arranging symbolic elements in a way that influences and affects the senses, emotions, and/or intellect. It encompasses a diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression. The renaissance is the rebirth of classicism; classicism comes from the ancient Greece and Rome; they portray art to captivate perfection, harmony and order. Italian High Renaissance artists achieved ideal of harmony and balance comparable with the works of ancient Greece or Rome.Renaissance Classicism was a form of art that removed the extraneous detail and showed the world as it was. Forms, colours and proportions, light and shade effects, spatial harmony, composition, perspective, anatomy ââ¬â all are handled with total control and a level of accomplishment for which there are no real precedents. Up until the middle ages, the role and status of artists in society were similar to other skilled, manual workers. They we re usually employed to work on specific commissions. Most artists worked anonymously.Any prestige associated with an artwork reflected more for or about, rather than on the artists. Until the 18th Century artists learnt their ââ¬Ëtradeââ¬â¢ as apprentices in the workshops of established artists. In retrospect this was the time period of sexual discrimination; men were still seen as highly regarded over the typical status of women. So only men could be certified and had the opportune to be an artist. During the renaissance there was a new emphasis on art as an intellectual activity, not just a manual skill.This altered the role of the artist; the renaissance artists played an active role in the intellectual life of the period, many of them wrote treaties on subjects such as perspective and painting. Their achievements as individuals were now recognised, and often celebrated. Some artists, such as Michelangelo Buonarroti, were seen as having almost divine creative powers. This e stablished artists as geniuses. Artists were portrayed as artist heroes- the artists creative powers were a revelation of godââ¬â¢s creative powers on earth.The artist as a romantic genius was a development of the renaissance artist as a hero. That the superlative artist gained superlative social positions; they were proclaimed as men of genius, their powers of creation exalted as never before. Concept of the artist as a genius was appropriate to an age obsessed with the potential of man and the style of talents personality. In the late 18th Century a German philosopher Immanuel Kant put forward the idea that artists are geniuses who are born rather then taught. Michelangelo Buonarroti; a renaissance Italian Male (born 1475-1664) was perceived as a born genius.His role as an artist was established as an high renaissance male who was multidiscipline and a mulit-skilled painter, sculpture, poet and scientist of anatomy; he was highly regarded as a ââ¬Ëgod likeââ¬â¢ figure. Hi s tumultuous career, with its perpetual struggles and its passionate commitment to art, was to become the master pattern for the romantic genius. Michelangeloââ¬â¢s artistic skills were perceived to originate from birth nevertheless he practised as a trained apprentice at the age of 13 in the workshop of the established art master Domenico Ghirlandaio in Florence.Though as an early artist he was regarded by his father as he proclaimed that ââ¬Å"Artists are no better than shoe-makers. The neoplatonic thought that was current amongst all seemed to underlie not only his poetry but much of his paintings and sculptures as he expressed ââ¬Å"sculpture is the painting as the sun is to the moon. â⬠Michelangeloââ¬â¢s reputation was established by the sale of a ââ¬Ësleeping Cupidââ¬â¢ as a genius antique. In its exquisite finish, its flawless classism, and it evocation of the human activity in the divine and the divine in the human, the pieta is indeed a consummation of f ifteenth century art.The perfection of the two figured is informed both by an expert knowledge of anatomy and by the Neoplatonic theory; that the beauty of the body is an expression of its spirit. Michelangelo was commissioned in 1501 by the new republican government to carve a colossal ââ¬ËDavidââ¬â¢, symbol of resistance and independence. Later in 1508 Michelangelo was summoned by Pope Julius II, to the Sistine chapel ceiling; this was Michelangeloââ¬â¢s most celebrated work.Panels portraying key stories from Genesis are surrounded by a framework with additional scenes and figured for a 4 year period. The ceiling endured Michelangeloââ¬â¢s deep religious faith, expressed through a profound reverence for the classical Antiquity. A modern art was nationally acclaimed and recognized. Modern Artists were perceived as an Avant Guarde that challenged the main stream, traditional art. It was focused on the artist brain. Modernism reflecting the industrial revolution; was the era of mass production and consumption. One development vident in the modern era, spurred by technological growth in this century, has augmented the artist role in society; the commercialization of art through the expansion of entertainment, communications, and indoctrination media. In this modern time period society did not establish the role of artist, the artist decided for themselves what role they would play in their art. Andy Warhol disrupted the common views of the role each artist should play in their art. Andy Warhol was a modern American male (born in 1928-87); He is a pop artist whose role as artist as a celebrity.His practise involves commercial artist advertisement and illustor. His portraits developed from Polaroid photographs. In Warholââ¬â¢s art, there is absolutely no sign of the artistââ¬â¢s hand or that this piece was even made by an artist. An unknowing viewer might suspect that it belongs in a grocery store rather than not a gallery or a museum. Since he u ses different techniques than traditional artists, at times he may never touch the piece at all and it still will be credited to him. This corresponds to what was once expected from the artist. Skill is no longer involved; it is much more about content, conceptual appearance, and processes.He is infatuated by food, sex, death and fame; this fatuation led to consumer product, nudity and celebrity icons such as Jackie Kennedy, Elvis Privily and Marilyn. Warhol had a specific, obvious style; He used repetition and simplification. Popular culture has a huge influence on his art. His art caused controversy in society. His art challenged the modernist idea of originality of the artist. Critics originally ridiculed Pop Art; ââ¬Å"A range of distasteful, stupid, vulgar, assertive and ugly manifestations of the worst kind of our society. (Solomon) Another critic Norbert Lynton quoted ââ¬Å"pop art seems on the whole leave aside the basic questions and values of art. â⬠The public resp onded t it favourably. American society, the post WWII and the cold war hugely influenced his art. Warhol would conditionally say Conflicting statements that shocked and corrupted society; ââ¬Å"I want everyone to think alike. I think everybody should be a machine,â⬠&ââ¬Å"Once you see pop art, you canââ¬â¢t see America in the same way. â⬠Andy Warhol picked his subjects off supermarket shelves and from the front pages of the tabloids. He would then mass-produce the image, repeating them by silkscreen duplication.The well-known images pushed art out of the museum and into mainstream. Warholââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"100 can of Campbellââ¬â¢s Soupâ⬠created in 1962; was cans assembled in a line. The serial images of consumer items in a hard-edged graphic style, Warhol wanted a machinelike art without social comment or emotion. From 1963-68 Warhol made more than sixty films which reached new depths of banality. One silent film, ââ¬Å"Sleepâ⬠runs six hours, capturi ng every non-nuance of a man sleeping; ââ¬Å"I like boring thingsâ⬠Warhol stated. A natural self-promoter, Andy Warhol made himself into a media sensation; he conflicted the original role of the artist.A Post-modern artist has adapted from a modern Avant Guarde to the role of a deconstructor of previous roles. The Post-modern time period accepts both genders as artist. With the vast technological development art has new expressive forms; 2D, 3D and 4D. Their role is to convey messages to society that otherwise would go unheard, or perhaps cannot be said. Andy Goldsworthy is a British male born in 1956, Goldsworthy is a post-modern /contemporary artist; He is a trained artist who studied at Bradford College (1974-1975). He is an intuitive, solitary, environmental sculpture and land artist.His art practise involves natural installations that is documented using film and photography that is viewed by the public through published books of his art. Goldsworthy uses natural materia ls from his property in Britain and the scour river. This material consists of rocks, ice, twigs, leaves, clay, stone, water and flowers. His conceptual practise relies on the earth; ââ¬Å"I need the earth but it doesnââ¬â¢t need me. â⬠The ââ¬ËDumfriesshire clay wallââ¬â¢ was created in June 1999; this was a filmed process that captured the decay. Goldsworthy ideology was focused on the cycle of collapse and rebirth; ââ¬Å"I like to push things to the point of collapse.Goldsworthy has a deep conceptual meaning and symbolism in each of his artworks. He was influenced by nature, weather and seasonal change. ââ¬Å"Movement, change, light, growth and decay are the lifeblood of nature, the energies that I try to tap through my work. â⬠Goldsworthyââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Storm King Wallâ⬠is a wall commissioned with builders to be 1. 8m high stretching across a forester, weaving through trees. The wall was built with stability to outlast seasonal change. One of his wo rks ââ¬Å"The rowan leaves and holeâ⬠is autumn leaves organised in corresponding order of colour that spirals to make a black hole.Goldsworthy symbolises hole as death. Andy Goldsworthy challenges traditional ideas; the process instead of the art is the most important thing. Goldsworthy provokes at the role of the traditional artist. Examining the historical art we draw a conclusion about the nature of a society, and even this period of time, contemporary artists still say a lot about society and the mainstream way of thinking. The role of the artist has established as a manual worker, to an Avant Guarde that has adopted, manipulated and changed overtime. Artists are the mouthpiece of their culture. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-82026044507541365872020-01-10T11:50:00.001-08:002020-01-10T11:50:03.307-08:00Lahore Walled City UpgradationAssignment : Up gradation of walled city LAHORE Conservation of the Urban Fabric Walled City of Lahore, PakistanZachary M. KronINTRODUCTIONThis case study on urban development in the province of Punjab focuses on the Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultant's efforts to create and implement an urban conservation plan for the walled city of Lahore in the early 1980's. With a population of four million in 1992,1à this old quarter of Lahore is under tremendous pressure from commercial and industrial interests, which as yet have little regard for the historic nature of the city. In addition to these active menaces, the city is struggling to integrate new municipal services into its existent tissue without obscuring its visual character. Although few interventions have actually been achieved, several higher profile ââ¬Å"pilot projectsâ⬠have been carried out in an effort to raise public awareness of the conservation plan. CONTEXTPhysical Lahore is the capital of the province of Punjab, the most fertile area of Pakistan and chief producer of agricultural products for the country. The city is generally arid, except for two months of hot, humid monsoons, and receives less than 20 inches of rain during the course of a year. Historical The earliest credible records of the city date its establishment to around 1050 AD, and show that its existence is due to placement along the major trade route through Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. The city was regularly marred by invasion, pillage, and destruction (due to its lack of geographical defenses and general overexposure) until 1525 when it was sacked and then settled by the Mogul emperor Babur. Sixty years later it became the capital of the Mogul Empire under Akbar and in 1605 the fort and city walls were expanded to the present day dimensions. From the mid-18th century until British colonial times, there was a fairly lawless period in which most of the Mogul Palaces (havelis) were razed, marking a ââ¬Å"decrease in social discipline towards the built environment that has continued unabattingly till today. ââ¬Å"2Much of the walled fortification of the city was destroyed following the British annexation of the region in 1849, as both a defensive measure to allow the colonists to better control the populous, and as a commercial enterprise in resale of the brick for new projects. In 1864 many sections of the wall had been rebuilt. Major physical contributions of the British to the old city consisted of piped water and well systems established just outside the former walls. The building of the railroad and a station well outside of the old city set the stage for later expansion. 3Social and Economic A new wave of destruction washed over the city in 1947 following the partition of British Colonial India into the Hindu majority nation of India and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The resulting inter-communal strife destroyed wide areas of the urban fabric, some of which was repaired by the 1952 Punjab Development of Damaged Areas Act. Many of the arriving Muslim families from India moved into the emigrating Hindu residences, although the lower land values of the old city further established the concentration of lower income groups in the city center, with wealthier families residing outside. In the 1950's an organization called the Lahore Improvement Trust attempted to instate a plan for commercial development in the old city, but these efforts were largely without effect. 4Between the early 1970's and '80's, 29% of the old city population moved out. The space left by emigrants from the old city has largely been filled by commercial interests, mostly small scale manufacturers and wholesalers, many of whom have national and international clients and do not serve the local community. The advantages for commercial interests are the readily available cheap labor force among the urban poor, as well as relative anonymity, which facilitates the evasion of most national and local taxation. Advantages for speculative developers lie in the absence of enforcement of building regulations, as well as in cheap plots. The resulting commercial encroachment demonstrates a pattern of abuse of building stock through inappropriate re-use of structures intended for small scale (cottage) industry and residential use, as well as destruction of older buildings replaced with quickly erected, lower quality structures. To the northwest, in the city of Peshawar, and to the east, in Delhi, one can find buildings related in form and age to those in Lahore, although in Peshawar the residential construction is primarily of wood. Although Peshawar was controlled by the Moguls and populated with mosques and gardens as Lahore was during the 16th and 17th centuries, little of it remains to be seen. Peshawar also has it's share of British construction, (including the renovated Mahabat Khan Mosque built under Shah Jehan but largely redone in 1898), and many of the existing residential buildings date from the late 19th century. Like Lahore, the small grain of the urban fabric eft intact can be attributed to the growth of the city within a walled fortification. THE PROJECTSignificance of the Walled City The walled city of Lahore is the product of the cultural influences of at least three major empires in the subcontinent of India: the Mogul Empire, the British colonial presence, and the modern nation-state of Pakistan. As a result of its position along a major trade route, it has also been influenced by many other, less dominant cultures, such as Afghanistan and China. Unlike Peshawar, which has lost much of it's larger scaled architectural past, and Islamabad, which can only boast Modern Monumental architecture of some merit, Lahore contains some of the best of all the empires which have touched it, as well as smaller scale vernacular architecture. In addition to this object value, the walled city plays a central role in the daily functioning of Lahore. It remains a bustling center of commerce and represents the ââ¬Å"living cultureâ⬠of the city, an enduring continuation of and evolution from a much older way of life. As the city contains many heterogeneous physical attributes, the activities of the walled city include all aspects of urban life: residential, manufacturing, retail, educational, religious, and civic. CONSERVATION PHILOSOPHYThe Lahore Development Authority'sà Conservation Plan for the Walled City of Lahoreà is a series of recommendations concerning the physical decay of historic structures in the city, the ââ¬Å"visual clutterâ⬠of newer structures and infrastructure, and the encroachment of various unregulated elements on the city's fabric. This program of conservation, headed by Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultants Ltd. (PEPAC) is actually the expansion of a project begun in 1979, the ââ¬Å"Lahore Urban Development and Traffic Studyâ⬠(LUDTS). This study, undertaken by the Lahore Development Authority (LDA) and funded by the World Bank, identified four areas for improvement. ââ¬Å"1. Urban planning activities, leading to the production of a structure plan to provide a framework for action program within Lahore; 2. Neighborhood upgrading and urban expansion projects, to provide substantial improvements in living conditions for lower income groups; 3. Improvement of traffic conditions in congested parts of the street system of central Lahore: and 4. Improvements to living conditions within the walled city by improving environmental sanitation and providing social support program. ââ¬Å"5Part of LUDTS' findings identified the precarious position of the physical fabric of the city. The report suggested (among other things) that any development and upgrading program that the city initiated should include measures ââ¬Å"to protect national and regional cultural heritage,â⬠and to that end it recommended the development of a conservation plan. The World Bank made the creation of a plan a condition of the first loans to be issued to Lahore. The study identifies some 1,400 buildings within the city as having high architectural or historical value and presents a series of conservation proposals. These recommendations include both conservation steps for the buildings themselves, as well as social and economic programs to halt the causes of their degradation. In general the study suggested the following: 1. Strategic policies and actions to be taken outside the walled city. 2. Planning activities and studies for both the central area and the walled city. . Institutional development including the full utilization of existing resources reinforced with an active training program, and the application of the legislative resources that already exist. 4. Urban management and controls to include production of a ââ¬Å"Manual for Conservation and Building Renewalâ⬠and improved maintenance practices. 5. Traffic improvement and mana gement program. 6. Upgrading and enhancing the physical fabric and the urban environment through upgrading the building stock . . . and through upgrading urban services. 7. Redevelopment with concern for conformity with the scale, height, densities and building typologies traditionally characteristic of the walled city to be demonstrated through projects undertaken by public authorities on state land and through regulated private sector activity. 8. Conservation of individual listed special premises or elements. 6CONSERVATION PROGRAM INTERVENTIONSWhile the statement above outlines a general policy approach to the conservation effort, several pilot projects have been more specifically outlined and a handful have been implemented and funded by the World Bank through the Punjab Urban Development Project. The buildings are, in most cases, structures dating from early British colonial times, both residential and commercial, and more monumental structures from the Mogul Empire, although action has only been taken on government owned buildings. One pilot project that has come directly out of this effort is the restoration of the Wazir Khan Hammam (bath house), built in 1638. The bath, which suffered mostly surface damage to the fresco work, is now being re-used as a tourist center with some facilities for computer education for women. While the structure itself was not in any particular risk of irreversible decay, thisà hamamà is a particularly important site to the Development Authority because it is located on a popular entrance point for tourists coming to the city. For visitors it is the first logical stopping point on a walk that goes from the impressive Delhi Gate (Image 6) past the Wazir Khan Mosque and the Choona Mandi Haveli Complex to end at the Lahore Fort. This route is also well traveled by locals going to the wholesale cloth and dry goods markets. It seems that the choice of aiming the rather limited resources of the program at this project is an attempt to heighten the community interest in the conservation effort, rather than directly addressing sites with more desperate conservation needs. Additionally, there are several proposals to deal with the conservation of areas surrounding historic monuments. Of particular concern is the area around the Mori Gate, which stands next to the well preserved UNESCO site of the Lahore Fort, and lies between the Fort and the Delhi Gate, immediately adjacent to the newly conserved and re-used Choona Mandi Haveli Complex. While the Fort itself is a vigorously monitored and controlled site, the area immediately surrounding it is ââ¬Å"visually cluttered,â⬠to say the least. One exits the Fort to be confronted by a mass of electrical cables, transformers, and half a dozen steel recycling operations. PEPAC's proposal involves the relocation of the steel traders (whom it claims are operating illegally) to a more suitable location and repopulating the area with a mixture of commercial and residential uses. The area itself does not contain artifacts of particular merit, but is amid a concentration of other historic elements. In their statement of policy and issues, PEPAC refers to the exemplary conservation work done at the Choona Mandi Haveli Complex, and to its re-use as a degree college for women. While this is not a PEPAC project, it is identified as a model of the work they wish to see happening in the city, and claim that the project ââ¬Å"came out of the conservation effortâ⬠that they are creating. While it is unclear from the literature who in fact has implemented the particular conservation of the HaveliComplex or what the connection is to the PEPAC effort, it is clear a particular region of the city has been identified as a primary site for conservation efforts. It seems sensible to concentrate on blocks of the city as specific focus areas for limited resources and as showpieces to use to solicit further funding, but it is curious that this is not stated as a strategy i n the group's policy statements. In addition to these concentrated areas of restoration, the main gates to the city have been chosen as pilot projects, several of which have already undergone restoration work. In order to determine how the restored gates should appear, PEPAC searched for clues not only in their existing condition, but also in historical documentation of the gates from the pre-colonial period. In particular, a wealth of information was found in the numerous renderings by French and British explorers from the 17th century who made paintings, drawings and etchings of the sites. After identifying the site and determining the changes that are to occur in the area, the site was ââ¬Å"vacated of encroachers,â⬠who currently occupy the niches, hollows and shelters provided by the wall. Several of the gates have now been restored to their pre-colonial state, but the work has recently been halted due to the cessation of World Bank funding. AUTHOR'S CONCLUSIONThe example of the gates highlights several difficulties faced by PEPAC in the implementation of their conservation project. First, and perhaps most minor, is the fidelity to the historical record that the conservators wish to maintain. Although the accuracy of the sketches can be verified by different views supplied by different artists, it is not necessarily appropriate to restore the gates to the condition they were in during that particular era, especially at the expense of people who may have some claim to residency in portions of the site. A more important criticism is that the definition of ââ¬Å"encroacherâ⬠is inadequate. The Prime Minister has attempted to implement a policy to allot property rights to squatters as a way of instilling greater commitment in them to properly maintain the areas they occupy. à However, PEPAC does not qualify the distinction between squatters, ââ¬Å"encroachers,â⬠and residents. Furthermore, 20 million rupees that have been earmarked by the Punjab Urban Redevelopment Project for residents to use for the improvement of their own property was not dispersed due to the inability of the organization to identify legal residents. 9With no clear definition of who is a res ident it will continue to be impossible to make a generalized policy. The total bsence of legal enforcement of property rights further undermines any sense of ownership. An example is the rapacious acts of the speculative developer who buys a building and then digs a second basement, which effectively collapses the neighboring buildings. The owner, without legal recourse that would provide any results, is left with no choice but to sell their ruined plot to the developer, who then erects a cheap, commercial building. 10This dilemma underscores a central conflict in the policy of conservation enacted by PEPAC. On the one hand is the attempt to instate a series of guidelines and regulations which the residents of the city must follow, and on the other hand is the attempt to encourage a sense of ownership, pride and respect among residents for the architecture. The first effectively removes or reduces the choices of the resident in determining the form of their surroundings and relies upon a policy of rule enforcement. The second relies upon the living culture of a place to perpetuate the existing physical culture, although allowing for the changing needs of the people. Unless policy is made concerning ownership and enforcement, these two approaches, which are not necessarily in conflict, will not act in accord, and will each remain ineffectual. It is interesting to note that the areas where the PEPAC conservation effort has been most effective is in exclusively government owned properties: schools, municipal dispensaries, monuments and civic buildings, as well as the homes of police officials. 11In the case of the other projects that have been implemented, PEPAC may be criticized for prematurely starting restoration work before active degradation is stopped, or even slowed. The resurfacing of the Wazir Khan Hamam and work on the area between the Delhi and Mori Gate are a prime example of this, a fairly stable area is being conserved while nearby buildings are being razed for newer construction or crumbling through neglect. (Image 9) However, given the dependency of virtually the entire conservation effort on World Bank funding, it must be a priority for the group to create a visible, finished grouping of conserved buildings in order to solicit further funding. This example of trying to raise consciousness before actually acting to stop degradation is appropriate for any conservation project undertaken in Lahore. From the inception of the current conservation plan, the impetus for preservation has come from outside the city walls and has been hindered by a discrepancy between what is said in meeting rooms and what happens in reality. In the absence of a fairly oppressive and well-funded preservation enforcement program, conservation in the walled city will not be effective without the support and active interest from the people who inhabit it. Endnotes1. John King, and John St. Vincent,à Lonely Planet Travel Survival Kit: Pakistan, 4th Edition (Lonely Planet Publications, 1993), p. 191. 2. PEPAC3. Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultants Ltd,à Lahore Development Authority: Conservation Plan for the Walled City of Lahore, Final Report, vol. 1, Plan Proposals (1986), p. 7. 4. Reza H. Ali, ââ¬Å"Urban Conservation in Pakistan: a Case Study of the Walled City of Lahore,â⬠à Architectural and Urban Conservation in the Islamic World, Papers in Progress, vol. 1 (Geneva: Aga Khan Trust for Culture, 1990), p. 79. 5. Lahore Development Authority /Metropolitan Planning Wing, with the World Bank/IDA, ââ¬Å"Lahore Urban Development and Traffic Study,â⬠Final Report/vol. 4, Walled City Upgrading Study (August 1980), preface. . Ali, ââ¬Å"Urban Conservation in Pakistan,â⬠p. 87. 7. Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultants Ltd,à Issues and Policies: Conservation of the Walled City of Lahore,à (Metropolitan Planning Section Lahore Development Authority, 1996), point 5. 8. Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consul tants Ltd, Lahore Development Authority,Conservation Plan for the Walled City of Lahore, Final Report, vol. 1, Plan Proposals. (1986), p. 180. 9. Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultants Ltd, Lecture given on the Walled City of Lahore Conservation Project (July 25, 1998). 0. (Sajjad Kausar)11. PEPAC lecture (25 July 1998). BibliographyAli, Reza H. ââ¬Å"Urban Conservation in Pakistan: a case study of the Walled City of Lahore. â⬠à Architectural and Urban Conservation in the Islamic World. Papers in Progress. vol. 1. Geneva: Aga Khan Trust for Culture, 1990. Background Paper: Lahore Pakistan. Prepared for Design for Islamic Societies Studio, MIT Department of Architecture and Planning, 1992. King, John and St. Vincent, John. Lonely Planet Travel Survival Kit: Pakistan, 4th Edition. Lonely Planet Publications, 1993. Lahore Development Authority /Metropolitan Planning Wing, with the World Bank/IDA. ââ¬Å"Lahore Urban Development and Traffic Study,â⬠Final Report/vol. 4. Walled City Upgrading Study. August 1980. Nadiem, Ihsan H. Lahore: A Glorious Heritage. Lahore: Sang-e-meel Publications, 1996. Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultants Ltd. Lecture given on the Walled City of Lahore Conservation Project. July 25, 1998. Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultants Ltd. Monographs on the Walled City of Lahore. Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultants Ltd. Lahore Development Authority. Conservation Plan for the Walled City of Lahore. Final Report. vol. 1. Plan Proposals. 1986. Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultants Ltd. Issues and Policies: Conservation of the Walled City of Lahore. Metropolitan Planning Section Lahore Development Authority. 1996. Qurashi, Samina. Lahore: The City Within. Singapore: Concept Media, 1988. CreditsAll photographs and illustrations courtesy the Aga Khan Fund, MIT Rotch Collections, unless otherwise noted below:1. Courtesy, KK Mumtaz. 2. Courtesy T. Luke Young. 4. Brian B. Taylor, MIMAR 24, 1987. . From Pakistan Environmental Planning and Architectural Consultants, Ltd, ââ¬Å"Conservation Plan for the Walled City of Lahore. â⬠6. Courtesy T. Luke Young. 7a. Brian B. Taylor, MIMAR 24, 1987. 9. Courtesy Hasan Uddin Khan. | à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1. Map of the fortress of Lahore. 2. Traffic outside the walled city. 3. Encroachment. 4. A bazaa r in the Walled city 5. Inside View of the Wazir Khan Hamman, before and after restoration.. 6. streets in the old area. 7a and 7b. Electrical infrastructure. 8. Sharanwalla gate. 9. Electrical infrastructure. Image10. View of the walled city. | | marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-7988767775617796952020-01-02T08:14:00.001-08:002020-01-02T08:14:02.849-08:00Viet Minh Definition The Viet Minh was a Communist guerrilla force founded in 1941 to fight against the joint Japanese and Vichy French occupation of Vietnam during World War II. Its full name was Viá »â¡t Nam à á »â¢c Lá º p à á »âng Minh Há »â¢i, which literally translates as the League for Viet Nams Independence. Who Were the Viet Minh? The Viet Minh was an effective opposition to Japans rule in Vietnam, although they were never able to dislodge the Japanese. As a result, the Viet Minh received aid and support from a variety of other powers, including the Soviet Union, Nationalist China (the KMT), and the United States. When Japan surrendered at the end of the war in 1945, Viet Minh leader Ho Chi Minh declared Vietnams independence. Unfortunately for the Viet Minh, however, the Nationalist Chinese actually accepted Japans surrender in northern Vietnam, while the British took the surrender in southern Vietnam. The Vietnamese themselves did not control any of their own territories. When the newly-free French demanded that its allies in China and the U.K. hand back control of French Indochina, they agreed to do so. Anti-Colonial War As a result, the Viet Minh had to launch another anti-colonial war, this time against France, the traditional imperial power in Indochina. Between 1946 and 1954, the Viet Minh used guerrilla tactics to wear down French troops in Vietnam. Finally, in May of 1954, the Viet Minh scored a decisive victory at Dien Bien Phu, and France agreed to withdraw from the region. Viet Minh Leader Ho Chi Minh Ho Chi Minh, the Viet Minh leader, was very popular and would have become the president of all of Vietnam in free and fair elections. However, in negotiations at the Geneva Conference in the summer of 1954, the Americans and other powers decided that Vietnam should be temporarily divided between north and south; the Viet Minh leader would be empowered only in the north. As an organization, the Viet Minh were beset by internal purges, plummeting popularity due to a coercive land reform program, and a lack of organization. As the 1950s progressed, the Viet Minh party disintegrated. When the next war against the Americans, variously called the Vietnam War, the American War, or the Second Indochina War, broke out into open fighting in 1960, a new guerrilla force from southern Vietnam dominated the Communist coalition. This time, it would be the National Liberation Front, nicknamed the Viet Cong or Vietnamese Commies by anti-communist Vietnamese in the south. Pronunciation: vee-yet meehn Also Known As: Viet-Nam Doc-Lap Dong-Minh Alternate Spellings: Vietminh Examples After the Viet Minh expelled the French from Vietnam, many officers at all levels in the organization turned against one another, sparking purges that greatly weakened the party at a crucial time. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-675228545572329022019-12-25T04:41:00.001-08:002019-12-25T04:41:02.764-08:00The Link Between Depression And Suicide Essay - 1288 Words The Link between Depression and Suicide: Depression carries a high risk of suicide. Over 90% of people who die by suicide have clinical depression or another diagnosable mental disorder. Many times, people who die by suicide have an alcohol or substance abuse problem. Often they have that problem in combination with other mental disorders. Warning Signs: â⬠¢ Always talking or thinking about death â⬠¢ Clinical depression -- deep sadness, loss of interest trouble sleeping and eating -- that gets worse â⬠¢ Having a death wish, tempting fate by taking risks that could lead to death, such as driving fast or running red lights â⬠¢ Losing interest in things one used to care about â⬠¢ Making comments about being hopeless, helpless, or worthless â⬠¢ Putting affairs in order, tying up loose ends, changing a will â⬠¢ Saying things like it would be better if I wasn t here or I want out â⬠¢ Sudden, unexpected switch from being very sad to being very calm or appearing to be happy â⬠¢ Talking about suicide or killing one s self â⬠¢ Visiting or calling people to say goodbye â⬠¢ Extreme mood swings or rage or desire for revenge â⬠¢ Preoccupation with death, arranging for end of life, funeral arrangements etc. Components of suicide that coincide with depression: Loss of interest in things that once made the patient happy Trouble sleeping or eating Losing interest in friends, family etc. Talking about suicide It is also important to consider: Current signs and symptoms of psychiatric disorders withShow MoreRelatedIs There really a Link Between Depression and Suicide?1434 Words à |à 6 PagesWhen the word suicide comes to the minds of some, it can be very immobilizing. After all, it is a very serious, deep, and dark topic to converse about. Those who commit suicide have most likely had a history of depression. This is what makes most logical sense. What seems to be the problem though? So many people experience depression. Why should this matter? Depression can be something someone has to live with temporarily, but if the emotions go to as far as killing ones self over it, then thatRead MoreThe Link Between Adolescent Depression And Suicide823 Words à |à 4 Pages Is There a Link Between Adolescent Depression and Suicide? According to data provided by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) suicide was the tenth leading cause of death for all ages in 2013. There were 41,149 successful suicides in the United States. Available data regarding completed suicides in 16 National Violent Death Reporting System states in 2010, 33.4% of suicide decedents tested positive for alcohol, 23.8% for antidepressant medication, and 20.0 % for opiates, including heroin and prescriptionRead MoreInformative speech outline Essay1391 Words à |à 6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Suicide Among Teenagers Specific purpose: To inform my audience on some of the causes on teen suicides. à I. Introduction A. Attention Material: It has been verified on April 19th, 2013 by the Center for Disease Control that for youths between the ages of 10-24, suicide is the third leading cause for death in the United States. (Center for Disease Control: Teen Suicide Statistics, Chart number 1) B. Tie to the audience: Teenagers taking their own life has always been an idea hardRead MoreEssay On Military Veterans1027 Words à |à 5 Pagesââ¬Å"disproportionate rate of suicide in the veteran population may be due to various risk factorsâ⬠, including symptoms of PTSD and depression (p.100). Their study population was comprised of 545 military veterans who completed a Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire indicating a link between higher PTSD related suicide and depression (p. 100). McKinney et al. (2017) found that ââ¬Å"Depression, as well as other disorders, often serves as a mediator of the relation between PTSD and suicide riskâ⬠(p.101). à The implicationsRead MoreSuicide and the Leading Causes1076 Words à |à 5 PagesSuicide is an epidemic that has always plagued society. The option to take your own life rather than face the reality of living and the world is an option that many people take each year. 38,364 suicides were reported in 2010 alone (Facts and Figures, 2014). That number made suicide the 10th leading cause of death in the United States (Facts and Figures, 2014). The staggering number of people committing suicide made me wonder what kind of genetic predisposition some people may have to carry out suchRead MoreThe Association Between State Laws Regulating Handgun Ownership And Statewide Suicide Rates872 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe article ââ¬Å"The Association Between State Laws Regulating Handgun Ownership and Statewide Suicide Ratesâ⬠. I have found that in 2010, suicide by a hand gun was ranked tenth in the U.S. for cause of death. The data supported that states with stricter laws on having a hand g un had less suicide rates then the other states who didnââ¬â¢t have strict laws on owning a hand gun. The data also gave an overall ideal that the states with stricter gun laws had more attempts of suicide (Anestis, 2015). This articleRead More The Bipolar Brain and the Creative Mind Essay1434 Words à |à 6 Pagesfamous and had housed many great poets and singers. Did the hospital specialize in poets and singers, or was it that poets and singers specialized in madness? ... What is it about meter and cadence and rhythm that makes their makers mad? (1) The link between madness and creativity is one that has been hotly debated in both medical and literary circles for a long time. The two most common types of mental illness theorized to be an influence on creative people such as writers, artists, and poets wereRead More Prozac Causes More Deaths than Any Other Drug Essay1495 Words à |à 6 Pagespanacia for depression has turned into Pandoras box (Tracy). Depression and suicide go hand in hand. In fact, 10 to 15 percent of depressed patients commit suicide (Lieber). This is the foundation of the defense argued by Eli Lilly, maker of Fluoxetine, commonly known as Prozac, and other companies manufacturing similar drugs. Although there are some 200 court cases alleging a link between suicide and Prozac this year, Eli Lilly continues to be cleared of all liability (Prozac and Suicide). One suchRead MoreJust As The Hands Of A Clock Are Constantly Moving, Time1199 Words à |à 5 Pagesother words, bullying has made its mark in who the common bullies are, who are the typical victims of bullying, the repercussions of bullying, and ways in which bullying is linked to social and individual problems such as depression, anxiety, and violent tendencies. Common Links Across Bullying Societal context has provided an environment in which at some point or another one has more than likely experienced some form of bullying. Bullying as defined by Merriam Webster (2017) is ââ¬Å"abuse and mistreatmentRead MoreEffects Of Depression Among College Campuses Essay1500 Words à |à 6 Pagespositively or negatively. Depression can occur when adolescents are transitioning into young adult years. Moving away to college, schoolwork load, and maintaining a social life are all big parts of this time frame in life. Many cognitive problems often develop during this time also. When one enters college, they are faced with many different situations that can lead to negative consequences. Drugs, alcohol, and other substances are all present on many college campuses. Depression is a mental illness that marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-44692758184731922352019-12-17T00:30:00.001-08:002019-12-17T00:30:04.333-08:00Study Of The Airline Industry Resilience And The Terrorist... Finally, Company Size, Industry, Company Ownership, Organizational Design (Czinkota et al., 2010), and Firm Age are introduced in the model to control for factors beyond relationships that could influence the dependent variable of performance resilience. Data Analysis The research method relies upon the general methodological framework used by Gittell et al. (2006) in the study of the airlines industry resilience to the terrorist attacks of 9/11. This exploratory archival data analysis employs quantitative statistical techniques from the terrorism and international business literature stream. Initially, correlation analysis between the operationalized independent variables, moderating variables, control variables and the dependent variable will be conducted, using Pearson Correlation Coefficients as a measure, to identify and evaluate non-causal associations and strengths of relationships between variables. In addition, scatterplots would be created of the variables to determine whether linear relationships exist. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) would be used as the general structure for statistical testing of the conceptual model, shown in Figure 4, using the F-test. Moreover, the F-test would be an initial overall inference test of the operation alized conceptual model. Furthermore, collinearity diagnostics tests for multi-collinearity on the independent and moderating variables will be performed using Variance Inflation Factors as a gauge to assess any overlap orShow MoreRelatedTerrorism And Its Effects On The World And Society1385 Words à |à 6 Pagesespecially since the 9/11 attacks, that there are growing effects of terrorist attacks (Waxman 2). Terrorism can be the leading effect of PTSD and psychological effects as well. Numerous studies have now been conducted on the psychological effects of terrorism on individuals (Waxman 2). These studies have looked at how terrorist attacks affect peopleââ¬â¢s mental health. There has been particular attention to the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder following the terrorist attacks (Waxman 2). Not justRead MoreThe Business Continuity Plan For A Dummy Variable1461 Words à |à 6 PagesCountries independent variables. The Erosion variable operationalizes the negative moderating effect from deterioration or wearing away of performance resilience over time. In other words, the Erosion variable is indicating the recency of the terrorism incident. The Erosion moderating variable is measured as the number of days since the last terrorist incident using the difference of the Event Identification Number from Table 3 of the GTD (2015). The Severity moderating variable is measured usingRead MoreThe Economic Loss Of Terrorism1666 Words à |à 7 Pagesfrom impact studies of the resulting damages (Frey et al., 2007). The economic loss measurements capture the direct market value impact of terrorism, but do not fully account for intangible losses. Finally, the third category of measurement of impact is utility loss, often used in human resource journal articles concerning terrorism. The utility loss category captures the qualitative indirect and intangible losses of terrorism, such as well-being and emotional impact. For this study, we use the cumulativeRead MoreCategorization Of The Global Terrorism Database ( 2015 )1683 Words à |à 7 Pages4. When necessary, we augmented the GTD data with terrorism data collected in the RAND Database of Worldwide Terrorism Incidents, a compilation of 40,000 incidents of terrorism coded and detailed from 1968 to 2009 (RAND, 2015). Finally, we gather industry and firm-level survey da ta from academic journals and public entities including insurance providers. Table 4 Categorization of the Global Terrorism Database (2015) Category Global Terrorism Database Fields GTD ID # Date Event Identification NumberRead MoreA Research Study On International Business Studies Essay1925 Words à |à 8 Pagesboth theory and practice. My area of research study is how international businesses apply past terrorism experience creating organizational resilience to absorb, endure and bounce back from future terrorist attacks. Table 1 - Synopsis of Two Research Papers in Resilience to Terrorism Title Attribute Relationships, layoffs, and organizational resilience airline industry responses to 9/11 Another day, another dollar: Enterprise resilience under terrorism in developing countries Author(s)/(Date)Read MoreAttack Incidents On A Firm1831 Words à |à 8 Pagesvariable representing the depth of proficiency, knowledge, best practices and insights that corporations, who were directly impacted by a specific terrorist incident, acquire from coping with the effects of terrorism. The Terrorism Experience is measured in terms of the cumulative number of terrorism incidents that directly affected the firm. The number of attack incidents on a firm is a Traditional type of terrorism measurement as categorized by Frey et al. (2007) in Table 2. The data source for measuringRead MoreThe Difference Between Sustainability And Resilience1901 Words à |à 8 Pagesthe difference between ââ¬Å"sustainabilityâ⬠and ââ¬Å"resilienceâ⬠according to the video. What do you think of this description compared to what you found in the literature? According to the video the difference between sustainability and resilience, we feel was looked at in a totally different way than usually. The video suggests that the idea of resilience is a more useful concept than the idea of sustainability and the idea of resilience comes from the study of ecology and it s really about how systemsRead MoreSouthwest Airlines Case2196 Words à |à 9 PagesSouthwest Airlines 2002: An Industry Under Siege Case Study ââ¬Å"Discussion Formatâ⬠MGMT 5113 Team 7 Dag Yemenu Sachin Gupta Michelle May Shaun Evans November 22nd 2003 Problem Overview Southwest Airlines has employed unique operational strategies, incorporating industry revolutionizing methodologies, while developing and sustaining a strong corporate culture that has allowed Southwest Airlines to be profitable for a phenomenal 30 straight years and capture the Airline Industry ServiceRead MoreCase Analysis American Airlines5546 Words à |à 23 PagesAnalysis of American Airlines In an attempt to generally identify the airlines and travel industry this analysis will examine the key players in these industries. Whenever we think of the airline industry by definition the key players in this industry include commercial/private airline companies, employees, aircraft manufacturers, customers/consumers of flight service, travel agencies and government entities responsible for regulation of the industry. Currently the airline industry as a whole seemsRead MoreThe Financial Performance of Low-Cost and Full-Service Airlines in Times of Crisis8844 Words à |à 36 PagesFinancial Performance of Low-Cost and Full-Service Airlines in Times of Crisis Triant Flouris, Thomas John Walker. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences. Halifax: Mar 2005. Vol. 22, Iss. 1; pg. 3, 18 pgs Abstract This paper examines the stock and accounting performance of three major airlines in the United States in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. September 11 (9/11) resulted in dramatic changes in the airline industry and had significant implications for the economic marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-89482894628075925242019-12-08T21:12:00.001-08:002019-12-08T21:12:02.549-08:00Advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad free essay sample Almost every student around the world wishes to pursue his or her education. However, every issue has its pros and cons. In order to making a better decision, one has to explore different aspects of a plan. Studying abroad lets you experience things you have never faced them before. It gives you the opportunity to communicate with different people who have different religions and speak different languages. This will improve your social skills. In addition, when you graduate from a university in a foreign country, It will make you more prestigious.In work life and in your personal life, It will bring more respect for you. To them, you are a person who experiences a different world with different inhabitants. Needless to say, this prestige will help you to find Jobs with more salaries. On the other hand, when you leave your hometown and migrate to another country to continue your study, some obstacles may show up. We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For one thing, you must be away from your family and your intimate friends for a while. No doubt, your relationship will fade away if you dont try to keep in touch with them.Moreover, you re exposed to an environment where everybody else acts and behaves different from what you have learned before. They also expect you to express yourself using their culture. Furthermore, your costs most likely are higher and your Income Is less than in your country. Because you are a foreigner to these new people, you barely find an appropriate Job with a high salary at first. All In all, going abroad In order to continue the education has some advantages and disadvantages. After a thorough consideration of merits and demerits of It, I decide to put all my vigor and pursue my education abroad. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-73982663474347650662019-12-01T08:54:00.001-08:002019-12-01T08:54:04.189-08:00IT free essay sample ID Farmers right to choose ID Transparent mechanism 10 Improve the knowledge and skills ID New market 2. Are we proportioning IT investments and targeting our development efforts in the right areas? Are we spending money efficiently and effectively? A pure trading product does not require much investment. The e-Copula model, in contrast, has required that TIC make significant investments to create and maintain its own IT network in rural India and to identify and train a local farmer to manage each e-Copula. 3.Are our IT and business leaders capable of defining and executing IT- enabled strategies? Have we opened an effective dialogue among business executives, IT executives, users, and partners? The IT system has had a positive impact on people in terms of enhanced access to market, improved incomes, and increased bargaining power. It has also terminated the monopoly that traditional had before, where traders, agents and officers took advantage of their power to impose lower prices for the people products. We will write a custom essay sample on IT or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 4. Does our IT platform enable our business to be both lean and agile?What percent-age of our IT-related activities are devoted to operating and maintaining legacy applications versus enabling business growth and strategy execution? From this case study we can know farmers can use the computer to access daily closing prices on local, as well as to track global price trends or find information about new farming techniques. They also use the e-Chopin to order seed, fertilizer, and other products such as consumer goods from TIC or its partners, at prices lower than those available from village traders.Farmers benefit from more accurate weighing, faster processing time, and prompt payment, and from access to a wide range of information, including accurate arrest price knowledge, and market trends, which help them decide when, where, and at what price to sell. 5. Are we managing IT assets and infrastructure efficiently and effectively? Is leader-ship of IT activities appropriately delega ted? Do we have the right business and IT leaders, given our goals for its use?For the profit, Uses of CIT model can increase business growth in raw materials and sales, it can also get quality improvement. With earnings increase by costs reduced. For the social effect, IT increase farmers interests, reduce the risk of farmers, production processes to reduce maternity leave, educing business fraud in, provide high quality seeds and improve the international competitiveness of India. And there have development potential to establish direct contact with suppliers and consumers, establish contact with the rural community platform. . Are we organized to identify, evaluate, and assimilate IT-enabled business innovations? Are we missing windows of opportunity to exploit emerging technologies and business models? Innovation is represented by the fact that chinchillas (computer operators) allow farmers to use technology even though they are computer illiterate. Chinchillas act as agents for TIC and allow farmers to purchase inputs and services through Internet. The Chinchillas are compensated by TIC for their services. . Is our IT infrastructure sufficiently insulated against the risks of a major operational disaster? Are the appropriate security, privacy, and risk management systems in place to ensure always on and always up service? Risks are the con natural habit inadvertently changes and people cannot understand the new operation model. Next is legal problem and costs problem. After that is the problem of illiteracy, distrust and suspicion, technical risk. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-40028270381155649352019-11-26T14:40:00.001-08:002019-11-26T14:40:05.529-08:00A Nucleus a Day essaysA Nucleus a Day essays Wow, another exciting day is about to begin. Sometimes I get so tired of being the brains of this whole operation, but it is fun to be the boss and give the orders. Lets examine a typical day: I am the nucleus. My life is very complicated because there are constantly things going on and I hardly have time to talk to you. But since I started telling you about myself then I might as well finish it up. I am the most important organelle in this body that I am in; I am the brain of the cell. My primary purpose is to control the actions inside the cell. I contain the RNA and the DNA of the cell, and both of these work together to build and control the cell. I also produce these things called proteins and they are carried by the endoplasmic reticulum to other parts of the cell. The proteins are messengers and they give the orders to the cells. I am studded with pores that control what comes into the cell and what leaves the cell. These pores are filled with a large nuclear protein complex and these make barriers and plugs because the NPC is so big. Bigger molecules that want to enter this cell have to go through the central part. The nucleolus that is in me is the si te for RNA and the packaging of ribosomal subunits for export to the cytosol. The DNA strand is sometimes a very long molecule, and sometimes it needs to be compacted to fit into a certain spot. It can be reduced in size by rapping it around a nucleosomes arrangement of histone proteins. This can result in the DNA strand to be reduced so it will fit in the space. Well, cant talk any longer but it was nice to take a break ... marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-9122778709845241132019-11-22T22:04:00.001-08:002019-11-22T22:04:02.788-08:00Coordinate and Noncoordinate AdjectivesCoordinate and Noncoordinate Adjectives Coordinate and Noncoordinate Adjectives Coordinate and Noncoordinate Adjectives By Mark Nichol An adjective is a word that provides detail about, or modifies, a noun. Adjectives are sometimes confused with adverbs, which modify verbs. The -verb in adverb gives you a clue, as does the -ject in adjective just like the -ject in object: The names of objects are always nouns. Two divisions of adjectives are coordinate and noncoordinate adjectives. Coordinate adjectives are two or more adjectives, separated by commas, that parallel each other in modifying a noun. To test whether adjectives are coordinate, you can replace comma(s) with and. If the sentence makes sense with that change, and if you can rearrange the adjectives in any order without compromising sense, they pass the test. Take the sentence ââ¬Å"See the box.â⬠Insert an adjective: ââ¬Å"See the big box.â⬠Then, insert another: ââ¬Å"See the big, brown box.â⬠Now, replace the comma with and: ââ¬Å"See the big and brown box.â⬠Make sense? Yes. Now, reverse the adjectives: ââ¬Å"See the brown, big box.â⬠Make sense? Yes, it does, though it doesnââ¬â¢t roll off the tongue as trippingly; conventions have been established in English that determine which types of adjectives have priority than others in such constructions, and ââ¬Å"See the brown, big boxâ⬠violates one of those conventions. However, itââ¬â¢s just mildly awkward sounding, not nonsensical. Now, replace the comma with and: ââ¬Å"See the brown and big box.â⬠Make sense? Yes. Again, itââ¬â¢s not elegant, but it makes sense. But consider this sentence: ââ¬Å"See the big, bread box.â⬠The comma seems wrong. Why? Test it: ââ¬Å"See the big and bread box.â⬠Un-uh. ââ¬Å"See the bread, big box.â⬠Nope. ââ¬Å"See the bread and big box.â⬠Ix-nay. What gives? In this sentence and its attempted variants, big and bread are noncoordinate adjectives. In the original sentence, the idea is that the box is big and the box is brown the adjectives are parallel in purpose. But in ââ¬Å"See the big, bread box,â⬠big modifies ââ¬Å"bread box,â⬠a permanent open compound (a noun consisting of two or more words that have developed a distinct meaning). The sentence does not state that the box is big and the box is bread; it states that the bread box is big. So, just as ââ¬Å"See the big boxâ⬠needs no comma between the adjective and the noun, ââ¬Å"See the big bread boxâ⬠requires no comma between the adjective and the permanent open compound (which consists of an adjective and a noun). The adjective big and the adjective bread have different functions; therefore, they are noncoordinate. But note that compounds do not have to be permanent for this rule to apply. Test this more complex sentence: ââ¬Å"The British Council is the United Kingdomââ¬â¢s government-backed, cultural-promotion agency.â⬠Replace and with a comma: ââ¬Å"The British Council is the United Kingdomââ¬â¢s government-backed and cultural-promotion agency.â⬠Reverse the adjectives: ââ¬Å"The British Council is the United Kingdomââ¬â¢s cultural-promotion, government-backed agency.â⬠Reverse the adjectives and replace and with a comma: ââ¬Å"The British Council is the United Kingdomââ¬â¢s cultural-promotion and government-backed agency.â⬠These sentences are beyond awkward. In this case, ââ¬Å"cultural-promotion agencyâ⬠is a temporary open compound that is described here as being government backed. When adjectives are noncoordinate, no comma is required, so even though this is a complex sentence, omit internal punctuation (or recast and relax it, as with this option: ââ¬Å"The British council, a cultural-promotion agency, is backed by the government of the United Kingdom.â⬠) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Words with More Than One SpellingEmpathy "With" or Empathy "For"?20 Classic Novels You Can Read in One Sitting marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-50660933587385927512019-11-21T03:20:00.001-08:002019-11-21T03:20:05.761-08:00BS (Britsh standard) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3BS (Britsh standard) - Essay Example British Standard for the vocabulary of terms in design management system is being presented through BS 7000-10 so that there could be better understanding of terms used while managing design and coordinating the work of various professionals who forms the design development team. All the terms and related definitions that are basically the found in various other parts of the BS 7000 series have been collated into this BS 7000-10. Apart from these, this standard contains many other terminologies that have got a very common presence in design practice and management. The compilation has been the most useful as well as eloquent reference in all discussions in the domain of design. This BS 7000-10 defines vocabulary that has got its use in design and its management including those that are being used in different areas with particular meanings in industry as well as commerce. The scope of this BS 7000-10 has been quite wide and actually covers all terminologies that have some use in the design management irrespective of the sectors. It might be the government, industry, business & commerce, services providers and the public sector enterprises. It has equivocally been applicable to all range of areas that includes technical, services, software, production and design. The terminology related to Intellectual property Rights and other rights have also been given due space in the compilation. In short one can easily figure out that this BS 7000-10 is meant for an able assistance to those who have the responsibility or an interest in design and its management. But at the same time, it is also meant for assisting those who are basically meant for providing a helping hand to the main designers but have no familiarity with the terminologies that are often used by the designers. British Standard Series is a clear example of one understanding according to which one can marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-17362867750537177242019-11-19T13:01:00.001-08:002019-11-19T13:01:04.013-08:00Early Intervention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1Early Intervention - Essay Example first one is IFSP - Individualized Family Service Plan is a plan put together by the multidisciplinary team to help the family assist the child in the functioning of day to day activities. The parents should be involved in the team that comes up with the program. The second one is EIT - Early Intervention Team this team carries out the goals made in the IFSP. The team meets once or twice in a week to work with the parents and the children. Martine has done a great job in helping her son who has a disability. From her experience, I have learned it is important to be keen on your childââ¬â¢s growth. After she had discovered her son had a disability, she went through the program that would enable her to help her son. She also involved her spouse in the process so that they would work as a team. The program has helped her to give the son an opportunity to be independent. She sets a good example for parents with children with marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-60383542530291676532019-11-14T14:04:00.001-08:002019-11-14T14:04:05.447-08:00Road Rage: The Scourge Of Americas Roadways :: essays research papers fc Topic: Road RageGeneral Purpose: To convinceSpecific Purpose: To convince the audience to combat "road rage" by increasing driver awarenessThesis Statement: "Road rage" caused by aggressive driving tendencies is a growing epidemic affecting today's roadways, but there is a solution.Ethos: Include myself in my statements.Pathos: Audience should feel horrified at the consequences of road rage.Logos: Cite statistics and research resources.IntroductionI. How many of you have ever been in a motor vehicle? Did you know that "motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among Americans 1-37 years old." With the largest % being our age group. (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety)II. Many traffic accidents could have been easily prevented if not for the angry menace called road rage. Road rage caused by aggressive driving tendencies is a growing epidemic affecting today's roadways, but there is a solution.Transition 1: As you can see road rage is a serious problem that could potentially affect us all. But many of us have different ideas of the scope of road rage.BodyI. You can better combat "road rage" by understanding what it is...A. Road rage or aggressive driving is defined as behavior behind the wheel in which furious drivers lose their temper and engage in risk-taking behavior or attempt to injure or kill another driver or pedestrian over minor traffic disputes.(Dr. Leon James, Professor of Psychology at the University of Hawaii, further defines road rage by breaking it down into three types)1. Verbal Road Rage is composed of behaviors such as yelling, swearing, gesturing, honking, and insulting.2. Quiet Road Rage includes complaining, rushing, competing, and resisting.3. Epic Road Rage includes cutting off, blocking, chasing, fighting, and shooting.B. You all are thinking that we've all done some of those things, but no one really gets hurt. You can be sure that's exactly what Tracie Alfieri and Narkey Terry also thought.1. According to a June 2, Newsweek article, Tracie Alfieri became enraged by the manner in which Rene Andrews pulled into her lane. Alfieri tried to pass Andrews on the right then cut in front and hit the brakes causing Andrews to swerve into a stopped tractor resulting in the loss of Andrews' 6 month old unborn child. Tracie Alfieri was convicted this May of vehicular manslaughter and sentenced to 18 months in prison. (Newsweek)2. In the most commonly cited incident of road rage, which ended in three deaths: Narkey Terry and Billy Canipe became involved in a game of cat and mouse because Canipe was moving too slowly in the left lane. marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1296486470305211344.post-25417592104709794112019-11-12T02:36:00.001-08:002019-11-12T02:36:10.140-08:00Problem Statement EssayDoes audit rotation at diverse levels (accomplice level versus firm level) in distinctive settings (compulsory versus intentional) connected with improved audit quality. Taking into account our audit of the writing, it is a long way from indisputable whether mandatory audit firm or audit partner rotation can enhance audit quality, nor is it clear whether deliberate audit firm or partner revolution can substitute for obligatory audit rotation. Mandatory rotation may upgrade audit quality focused around the suspicion that turn brings a crisp viewpoint. Not with standing, mandatory rotation may be less compelling if the recently turned reviewers need sufficient learning of the customer. The loss of customer particular learning could possibly impede the viability and nature of the review. Intentional turn practices can be powerful in keeping up audit quality if an audit company business sector and financial impetuses for creating or keeping up a great notoriety surpass its monetary inves tments from submitting to the requests of particular customers. Generally, it is hazy whether the obligatory rotation of auditors is a powerful answer for upgrade audit quality. The degree to which intentional and obligatory auditor turns at diverse levels can substitute for one another in keeping up audit quality is thusly an observational inquiry. The above discourse prompts the accompanying examination question. Audit rotation at diverse levels (accomplice level versus firm level) and in diverse settings (compulsory versus willful) connected with higher audit quality in less created locales than in decently created locales. There is a developing writing that analyzes how institutional components influence audit quality crosswise over nations (Francis et al., 2003; Khurana and Raman, 2004; Choi and Wong, 2007; Francis furthermore Wang, 2008). Establishments shift a ton crosswise over China (e.g., Wang et al., 2008), which gives us with a chance to test whether institutional and market improvement elements, for example, the lawful environment and speculator insurance influence audit quality. Leeway of directing between provincial studies inside one nation is that we can catch the impact of foundations on audit quality free from pollution because of nation contrasts in bookkeeping and inspecting models, 14 assessment, and liquidation laws. As former writing (e.g., Francis et al., 2003; Khurana and Raman, 2004;Francis and Wang, 2008) recommends, auditorsà may be more touchy to the expense of customer distorting and are more inclined to keep up audit quality as institutional administrations get to be stronger. In districts with well (less) created markets, the examiners may be all the more (less) prone to be worried about the potential impact of trading off audit quality on their legitimate risk and market notoriety. In this manner, there is less incremental interest for compulsory auditor rotation in well created areas. Conversely, mandatory audit rotation may be more vital in less created areas, which need business motivators or oversights to keep auditors determined and free. Consequently, we audit whether the impact of required or willful auditors rotation on audit quality is more claimed in less created areas than in decently created locales. This prompts our second research question. The relationship between customer particular information and audit quality. The inverse and clashing forecasts and discoveries in earlier studies on to the connection between audit tenure and audit quality may be attributable to the disappointment to together inspect directing elements, for example, auditorââ¬â¢s specialization, charges reliance, and auditorââ¬â¢s motivators (Doyle and Ge, 2007; Daugherty et al.,2012).therefore, the accompanying areas concentrate on recognizing the critical variables that may direct the relationship between audit rotation and audit quality. The relationship between mandatory auditor rotation and client-specific knowedge. Contentions for broadened auditorââ¬âclient relations rest essentially on a mastery contention. Past exploration has reliably shown that auditor experience has a positive impact on audit quality (Dougherty et al., 2012). Case in point, Brazel et al. (2010) find that customer particular learning, an intermediary for auditor experience, builds auditorsââ¬â¢ capacity to discover misrepresentation markers. On a related note, a few studies (e.g., Lenox, 1999) contend that non-audit activities performed by the audit firms has a tendency to prompt expanding the auditorââ¬â¢s experience and learning of the customerââ¬â¢s operations and environment, and thus expand the capacity to discover error in the budgetary explanations.Therefore,providing non-audit ativities to the customer can have a positive instead of a negative effect on audit quality.therefore,à required audit firm or audit partner rotations, specifically when there are no compelling information exchange techniques, may prompt the loss of both express and inferred client-specific knowledge, and thus to decreased audit quality. Audit quality be contrarily influenced when a lead partner who has picked up this particular information of the customer is supplanted. Auditor ndependence is the foundation of the auditing profession. Auditor independence alludes to the likelihood that auditors will report the error in money related explanations (Colbert and Murray, 1998) and the capacity of auditors to oppose weight from a client (Goldman and Barlev, 1974). Along these lines, auditors who have a high level of independence will have a high likelihood of distinguishing and reporting lapses or budgetary misquotes, and henceforth will have the capacity to focus the genuine status of the reviewed firm, i.e. make an excellent review (Deangelo, 1981; Colbert and Murray, 1998). One of the discussed components that influence auditor independence is auditor tenure. It is contended that more drawn out relationship between audit partner and their clients can make individual connections that make it more troublesome for the auditor to act independently of the inclination of the client (Deangelo, 1981). This is further disturbed by the dread of auditors of losing a relentless stream of future audit incomes, specifically from vital client who pay the auditor huge audit expenses. Likewise, this may lead auditors to agree to the clientââ¬â¢s requests (Lim and Tan, 2010). Therefore, compulsory accomplice turn mitigates the closeness of the relationship between audit partner and their client, and improves the auditorââ¬â¢s capacity to oppose weight from administration. The consequences of this stream of exploration (e.g., Hattifield et al., 2011) propose that there is a positive relationship between audit firm/or audit partner rotation and the extent of proposed audit adjustment. Simnett and Carey (2006) likewise discover a negative relationship between auditor independence and the probability of issuing a going concern assessment as an intermediary of audit quality.hence it might be contended that auditor turn can improve auditor independence and hence expand the likelihood of distinguishing and reporting budgetary misquote marilynmason192http://www.blogger.com/profile/18374378495576143490noreply@blogger.com0